August, ’20] 
DOHANIAN: MOSQUITO CONTROL 
351 
soil, retained water for some time after a rain. In the three mile 
zone the terrain to the north, east, and southeast is similar to that of 
the camp but devoted to the growing of cotton and truck garden crops, 
while to the west and southwest the rolling country is covered with 
mesquites and cacti. 
Upon commencing the work of mosquito control in April, 1918, the 
necessary work of becoming familiar with conditions within the camp 
and the territory adjacent to it, within a radius of three miles in all 
directions, was quickly completed. Each and every source of mosquito 
breeding, hidden or exposed, within the limits of the reservation was 
carefully noted for future action. Kelley Field, like all other army 
camps built during the recent emergency, was constructed in great 
haste. Consequently it caused no surprise to find gutterless roads, 
depressions under buildings, hollows in the open, leaky fire hydrants 
and underground pipes, etc. Since it was impossible to remedy all 
these defects at once, periodical trips of inspection were made through¬ 
out the season; all the apparent dangerous sources being visited every 
nine or ten days, while no effort was spared to cover the camp in its 
entirety at least once a month. An oiling crew of three men, one of 
whom was thoroughly instructed in the objects and methods of spray¬ 
ing and who was always in charge of the crew, would spray all tem¬ 
porary pools of water in which mosquitoes were found breeding. 
Under prevailing atmospheric conditions it was found that a combina¬ 
tion of crude oil (70 per cent) and kerosene oil (30 per cent) gave the 
most desirable consistency and the best results. Because oil interferes 
with the proper functioning of sewage disposal plants, no oiling was 
done on the surface of waters which would eventually find their way 
into the disposal plants. Several times during the early season mos¬ 
quito larvae were found breeding in the flushing tanks of unused sanitary 
latrines. Since no oiling could be done in these places a man was 
detailed to flush weekly all temporarily unused latrines. 
One of the duties of the camp entomologist was to collect, bi-weekly, 
specimens of mosquitoes found in the reservation for shipment to the 
Army Medical Museum, Washington, D. C. (as required by army 
orders), for a study of the relation between disease-bearing mosquitoes 
and local prevailing diseases. The effectiveness of the above method 
of inspection and subsequent treatment is testified to by the complete 
absence in Kelley Field of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes calopus 
(which is known to breed in chance water in receptacles about build¬ 
ings), during the entire season of 1918, although several specimens 
were collected in San Antonio. The following is a complete list of the 
species of mosquitoes found at Kelley Field during 1918, as identified 
by the Army Medical Museum, Washington, D. C. 
