October, ’20] 
HAWLEY: BUG INJURY ON BEANS 
415 
from this plot was greater than the next nearest plot by an average of 
twenty-three bushels. 
Bordeaux combined with nicotine gave better results, as would be 
expected, than Bordeaux used alone. From the excellent results 
secured with Bordeaux used alone, however, it is doubtful if a com¬ 
bination will be necessary in the future. 
The yield from the Bordeaux-nicotine plot would indicate that this 
combination controlled the insect and disease much better than did 
Bordeaux used alone. However, the former plot was on rich, recently 
manured ground, while the latter plot was on poor ground. 
From a standpoint of prevention of disease on the foliage, the two 
treatments appeared of equal value. 
INJURIES TO BEANS IN THE POD BY HEMIPTEROUS 
INSECTS 1 
By I. M. Hawley, Ithaca , N. Y. 
During the past four years many samples of beans have been received 
at the Cornell Station, that have showed deformations varying from 
circular depressed areas with a dark spot in the center, to ragged holes 
in which the bean coat is badly ruptured. The name of “ dimples ” has 
been applied to these scars. As these markings bear a strong resem¬ 
blance to Hemipterous punctures on other plants, specimens of Adel- 
phocorus rapidus Say, one of the most common Mirids in western New 
York bean fields, were caged over a potted bean plant on August 15, 
1918. When examined on September 4, the pods on this plant were 
mis-shapen and covered with dark, raised wart-like areas (PI. 10, 
fig. 2). The seed in these pods showed evidence of dimpling (PI. 10, 
figs. 1 and 3). 
In the summer of 1919 an effort was made to verify this observation 
and to find other insects that might have a share in the work. On 
August 11, a cage containing A. rapidus was placed over two bean 
plants, the pods of which were still green. When these were examined 
on August 28, most of the beans were dimpled. One hundred pods 
picked near the cage contained only one dimpled seed. 
The feeding of A. rapidus frequently produces such ragged, discolored 
marks on the bean seed, that it would seem that the insect in addition 
to removing juices from the bean, possibly secretes a toxin that acts on 
the bean tissues. The nature of the puncture appears to be influenced 
by the stage of development of the bean at the time of attack. The 
1 Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory of Cornell University. 
