86 Flora of Narcondam and Barren Island. 
to the agency of wind. As many as seventeen are nnequivocally bird- 
introduced species ; and ten are unequivocally sea-introduced species ; 
the remaining three, -which are all capsular-fruited Fuphorhiacece 
(Actephila, Macaranga and Mallotus), though not unequivocally sea-in¬ 
troduced, are in all probability species of this class. 
Of the seventeen Barren Island shrubs, seven are undoubtedly bird- 
introduced species ; nine are sea-introduced species ; one species, JDodoncea. 
is, though somewhat equivocally, to be looked upon as wind-introduced. 
There is much greater conformity between the floras as regards this 
class; thirteen of the Barren Island shrubs occur also in ISTarcondam, 
only four being peculiar ; all but one of the sea-shore, and all but two 
of the bird-introduced shrubs in Barren Island occur in Narcondam also. 
The trees in the two islands have last to be considered. Of the 
thirty-three in JS^arcondam twenty-one, or more than three-fifths, have 
been introduced by birds; two from their fruits having been attached 
to the feet or feathers, the others, by fruit-eating birds : ten may have 
been sea-introdiiced ; for seven this mode of introduction is undoubted, 
as regards Garyota it is rather equivocal, and the Coco-nut may have 
been deliberately introduced; two species are wind-introduced. 
Of the fifteen Barren Island trees, nine are bird-introduced species ; 
five are sea-introduced ; one has been introduced by wind. 
Here again great conformity between the floras is observable; of 
the fifteen Barren Island trees, ten occur in Harcondam: these include 
all the bird-introduced ones except four, and all but one of the sea-intro¬ 
duced species ; one wind-introduced species is common to the two islands. 
Among herbaceous species, where the equality of numbers promised 
most agreement, there is therefore greater diversity between the two 
floras than among the others. 
Of the 75 species of Phanerogams peculiar to Narcondam, 22 have 
been introduced by the sea, 42 by birds, and 10 by winds; one species 
( Mttsa) has been introduced by man. Of the 25 species peculiar to 
Barren Island, on the other hand 5 have been introduced by the sea, 15 
by birds, 5 by winds. Of the 40 Phanerogams common to the two 
islands ; 24 are sea-introduced, 13 are bird-introduced, 3 wind-introduced. 
In the common element of the two floras, the sea-introduced species 
form the dominant class, being nearly double the bird-introduced species 
and six times as numerous as the wind-introduced ones. In the special 
elements, on the other hand, the bird-introduced species form in both 
instances the dominant class ; in Harcondam they are nearly twice as 
numerous as the sea-introduced and four times as numerous as the wind- 
introduced species ; in Barren Island, they are three times as numerous 
as either of these kinds. 
300 
