66 
THE FIRST BOOK OF BOTANY. 
branous, waxy, gummy, lined with down, wool, oi 
dense hairs, or varnished upon the exterior. 
Fig. 93. 
Fig. 94. 
Fig. 95o 
Scale-covered 
bud. 
Scale- 
covered 
bud. 
Leaves. 
a. Grow- 
mg point. 
Scales. 
What is the use of the gummy matter, varnish, 
and wax, around the bud ? 
Of what use are the woolly, downy, and hairy 
linings of the bud-scales ? 
What separates the gummed bud-scales when 
growth begins ? 
When you are familiar with the winter aspect of 
the buds upon the trees around, you will be interested 
in their unfolding. Observe what becomes of the bud- 
scales on each of the trees you have examined. Scales 
may be changed into other parts, or they may fall off 
altogether. Observe these changes. Notice the scars 
left by their fall. 
Petxolar scales are formed from the petiole. 
Stip'ular scales are formed from the stipules. 
Folia'ceous scales are formed from the blade of 
the leaf. 
