German Model Houses for Workmen 
the disposal of' many occupiers of private 
houses.” 
On the whole the cottage system has 
not found great favor with the working 
men’s families in Germany, though small 
houses are being erected in the environs 
of Berlin for petty civil servants and 
workmen by the following societies: 
(l) Berliner gemeinniiizige Baugesell- 
schaft; (2) Berliner Baugenossenschajt; 
(3) Baugenossenschajt “Eigenes Heini'’; 
(4) Verein zur Verbesserung der kleinen 
fVohnungen in Berlin; (5) Die Deutsche 
Volksbaugesellschaft; (6) Burgerheini 
Aktiengesellschaft; (j)Die Baugesellschaft 
‘•‘■Eigenhaus”; (8) The Berliner Spar- und 
Bauverein. 
There are in Germany four principal 
groups of workmen’s associations, Chris¬ 
tian working men’s societies, and miners’ 
corporations. Speaking of workmen’s insurance. 
Dr. Zacher, the eminent authority on the subject, 
says: “The reserve capital of 1,500,000,000 marks, 
about which such various opinions obtain, has 
provided the means for solving the most important 
economic problems. Up to the end of 1902, over 
four hundred millions of marks had been disbursed 
from the funds of invalidity insurance 
institutions in Gtxin-a.ny for the erection of 
workmen s dwellings, sanatoria, etc.” 
As a practical proof of the interest 
evinced by the Imperial German Govern¬ 
ment in the welfare of the working 
classes, there was established in the 
spring of 1903, with the encouragement 
and approval of Kaiser Wilhelm II., a 
permanent exhibition or museum at Char- 
lottenburg, in which are displayed beau¬ 
tifully executed models of workmen’s 
dwellings already erected in various parts 
of the Empire, including elaborate plans, worked out 
even down to the smallest detail. The building in 
which the museum is located is the property of the 
Government and was especially designed for the 
purpose. The Friedrich Krupp Company ex¬ 
hibits, in addition to the models above mentioned, 
some very sumptuous books of illustration with 
descriptions of tbe Arbeiter Colonies established in 
connection with their world-famed steel works in 
Essen-on-the-Ruhr. Detailed pictures of the gar¬ 
dens laid out for working men are also exhibited 
by the German Society established for that purpose. 
According to Professor Albrecht, the total number 
of model dwellings for workmen erected in Ger¬ 
many now amounts to approximately 143,000, an 
average of about eighteen houses per thousand 
workmen. All the more enlightened employers 
of labor are represented in the exhibition, including. 
A Somewhat Primitive Dwelling for Workmen, erected by Pa.stor von 
Bodelschwingh in the Hoffnung.sthal Kolonie at Riidnitz near Bernau. 
Pastor Bodelschwingh is a pioneer worker for the benefit of Workmen 
in Germany 
among others, tbe great locomotive works of A. 
Borsig at Tegel near Berlin, W. Spindler’s Dye 
Works at Spindlersfeld, Berlin, the Berlin Machine 
Factory, the Baden Aniline and Soda Factory, the 
Flochst Color Factory, the United Engine Factory 
of Augsburg and Nurnberg, etc. There is also a 
government exhibit of the houses built for laborers 
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PLAN OF THE HOFFNUNGSTHAL BUILDING 
employed on the Royal Domain, and some ex¬ 
cellent models and photographs of the idyllic cot¬ 
tages erected expressly by the government for the 
employees of the royal ammunition works at Spandau 
near Berlin. 
The museum also contains models, safety-de¬ 
vices attached to machines, for the protection of 
workmen against accident, and some of the most 
important inventions in industrial and social hygiene. 
The model machines are run by electricity, so that 
the appliances may be seen in actual work. Tbe 
impression gained from an inspection of the museum 
is that everything that science and modern in¬ 
genuity can do for the benefit of the health, safety 
and morality of the working man, is being intelli¬ 
gently exploited in the Fatherland. 
Mr. Cronin, the Secretary of the Amalgamated 
Society of Steel and Iron Workers of Scotland, 
175 
