202 
THE FLORIST’S JOURNAL. 
hand, the Rose approximates to a perpetual flowerer, it must have 
the surface loosened and spread with manure at the commence¬ 
ment of winter ; and in some instances it requires top-dressings of 
manured water even during summer. In all cases, indeed, Roses 
should be manured up to, but not beyond, the point at which the 
individual growth would tend to injure the flowering. 
Though autumnal Roses are more delicate and require greater 
care than early-flowering ones, they are worthy of this care ; for 
their time of flowering is longer ; many of them are finer plants, 
and more fragrant; and they retain their beauty, while the summer 
flowers around them are beginning to decay : to these properties 
we may add the facts of their being more novel than the others, 
and the impossibility of raising the greater part of them from 
seeds. They are distinguished into sections ; but the differences 
of those sections are not distinctly botanical ones, though they are 
of course partially so. 
One section consists of what are called perpetual Roses, and 
what are called demi-perpetuals, or bastard-perpetuals. These 
are understood to be in some respects connected with the old 
monthly Roses, of which some are white and some red. The 
true perpetuals have a terminal cluster of buds to each shoot, at 
whatever season those buds may be produced. Some of them, 
especially the crimson ones, are exquisitely beautiful and of deli¬ 
cious fragrance. They are mostly French—that is, bred in 
France ; and their names are never indices to anything but the 
colours. They do not produce many seeds in this country; and 
layers of them do not answer well except on dry poor soils, which 
shows that they have more power of endurance upon such soils 
than upon richer ones. Budding and grafting, which are in sub¬ 
stance the same operation, appear to weaken the vegetating energy 
of these Roses, but to strengthen their power of endurance. 
The general compost, already mentioned, is the proper soil 
for them; but it must be enriched, and the richness kept up. 
In autumn the ground must be lightly but carefully forked,, 
covered with manure, and left undisturbed till next autumn. 
They should be pruned twice a-year—once in November, for the 
general trimming ; and once in June, for securing a succession of 
Roses. In November the beds must be dressed by digging-in 
the manure, and repeating it on the surface as may be necessary. 
At the same time the preceding summer’s growth should be cut 
