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that head may be taken to apply equally 
to .both. In our climate these trees re¬ 
quire some assistance to ripen the fruit 
to. the flavour they are capable of at¬ 
taining ; and on this account it is usual 
to grow them either in a house devoted 
to the .purpose, or by training them to a 
south wall attain the desired end by the 
refraction of the sun’s rays, and the 
consequent increased temperature thus 
obtained. The out-of-doors culture of 
Peaches and Nectarines forms no in¬ 
considerable item in the amount of skill 
required of every gardener, and various 
methods are recommended, all of them, 
however, reducible to a few simple rules, 
founded on the natural character of the 
plants, and varying in nothing more es¬ 
sential than mere manipulation. The 
first object with the grower of these 
fruits must be to maintain a proper 
balance between the action of the roots 
and that of the part above ground; as 
they are stationed in a position the most 
exposed to the sun, we must expect a 
great evaporation of the fluids of the 
plant will take place, and continue while 
it has leaves, and consequently provision 
for this waste must be made in supply¬ 
ing the roots with good soil in sufficient 
quantity; but that there may be no 
excess in this supply, over what the 
elaborative organs can properly appro¬ 
priate,, we must be careful that the food 
given is not of too gross a nature to 
allow, of its speedy assimilation; and 
here it is, we believe, that a great many 
of the too prevalent errors originate so 
frequently apparent under the aspect of 
“ g ll . m 3 canker,” &c.; from a desire 
(easily understood) to impart extraordi¬ 
nary vigour, a mass of indigestible 
matter is given to the roots, is taken up 
and. retained in the system of the plant, 
until it breaks out in irruptions of the 
kind named, or being directed to a 
single point, is evident in the rampant 
branch so often the destruction of young 
trees. In the formation of peach-borders, 
it is every way preferable to elevate 
them in the manner recommended for 
Grapes, though to a rather less degree, 
than to bury them according to the 
usual practice; the soil we should de- 
* 
sire is formed principally of turfy loam, 
enriched with a moderate quantity of 
rotten manure, and, if necessary, light¬ 
ened with road scrapings; this laid to 
a depth of two feet on a drained bottom, 
and extending from the wall six or eight 
feet, will, beyond question, afford the 
plants all the sustenance they will re¬ 
quire, and with an occasional dressing 
on the surface, will continue in heart for 
an indefinite period, while its elevated 
and drained position will prevent any 
undue accumulation of moisture that 
might occasion injury to the trees. 
In the selection of trees for planting, 
the principal object is to have them 
young healthy specimens, with branches 
of equal strength, proceeding alike from 
the sides as well as the centre ; and in 
placing them, observe to spread the 
roots out in a lateral direction, covering 
with about six or eight inches of earth, 
and keeping the stem the same distance 
from the wall, to allow it room to swell 
in its future progress. The branches 
should be reduced from two-thirds to 
half their length, according to their ap¬ 
parent strength; and in their after 
growth, any preponderance observable 
must be checked by stopping the most 
luxuriant at an early season, that the 
tree may be filled with proportionate 
healthy shoots, spreading each way from 
the common centre. Ean-training is 
most usual for either of these fruits, be¬ 
cause it allows the tree to be kept full 
of new wood without incurring the re¬ 
moval of large branches at any time; 
in starting with a young plant, it is al¬ 
ways best to spread the branches equally 
on either side, leaving the middle un¬ 
filled, because, were a branch carried di¬ 
rectly upwards from the main stem, it 
would inevitably, from the forward 
passage of the sap, outgrow the other 
parts, become rank in its growth and 
unmanageable; while the vigour of the 
remaining branches must from the same 
cause be considerably impaired, and the 
requisite equability among them at once 
destroyed. In the succeeding years the 
secondary branches, proceeding from 
these principal ones, are certain to fill 
up the vacancy, and thus the appearance 
