WAT 
WIN 
most proper position for them is the 
outside of the orchard, or corner of a 
field; their habit unsuits them for the 
garden. The necessity of gathering the 
fruit by thrashing it from the tree with 
poles, renders any further pruning un¬ 
necessary, and the management of 
mature trees may be said to be confined 
to the removal of decaying limbs, nor is 
that of younger plants of much more 
trouble; after being grafted, which 
should be done in March, in the manner 
usual with other trees of the class, they 
will only require to be trained to the 
height sufficient to obtain the desired 
stem before the head is allowed to be 
formed. 
The list of kinds cultivated by name 
is, as before mentioned, very limited; 
from them we select the following: 
Fulham. Nuts large, very full and 
double, shell thick; a good bearer. 
Highflver. Nuts of medium size, well 
CJ l J 
filled, shell very thin, so that it may 
be broken between the fingers. 
Prolific. Nuts large, well filled,tree bears 
when verv voung. 
Thm-shelled. Nuts double, full, shell 
thin; a moderate bearer. 
Yorkshire. Nuts well filled, but not 
double, shell stout; bears well. 
WATER-CRESS. Nasturtium offi¬ 
cinale (De Candolle.) Nat. Ord. 
Crudferoe. This excellent salad plant is 
extensively cultivated in the counties 
bordering on the metropolis, for the 
supply of the London markets. It 
may be had wherever there is a mode¬ 
rate but continual stream of clear water. 
In Kent, where the finest are produced, 
the beds are formed by widening the 
natural stream to an extent that will 
secure a depth of about three inches, to 
be regulated by dams placed at intervals i 
across the stream ; the bottom is covered 
with chalk or gravel, and the plants 
placed in rows parallel with the course 
of the stream. When it is desired to 
gather a bed, as the spaces between the 
dams are called, and which is done suc¬ 
cessively from the head of the stream 
downwards, the upper dam is secured 
and the lower one opened, the water is 
thus drained off, and the cress is gather¬ 
ed ; it is also necessary to lay them dry 
several times in the season, to clear the 
plants of weeds, and to make good defi¬ 
ciencies that mav have occurred; after 
receiving the requisite attention, the 
water is agair^ admitted, and the plants 
begin to grow again; in this wav they 
are gathered almost throughout the 
year, and in order to protect them from 
the severest weather, coppice wood is 
grown on the banks of the stream, which 
breaks the cutting winds of winter and 
the fierce sunshine of summer. The 
water-cress may be grown in still water, 
that can be occasionally changed by 
sluices, but they are inferior to those 
from constantly running water. 
WINTER-CRESS. Barbarea vulgaris 
(R. Rrowx.) Nat. Ord Crudfera. Asa 
substitute for the preceding, and to cut 
into mixed salads, this plant is occa¬ 
sionally grown; it should be sown in 
spring and autumn, the first on a shaded 
piece of ground, and the latter upon a 
warm border, and being afterwards 
thinned out to a distance of six inches 
one from another, will afford a gathering 
almost daily for a long period; in hot 
weather it begins to run to seed, but if 
the flower stems are nipped off as soon 
as they can be seen, the plants will go 
on producing leaves, which are the parts 
desired to be eaten. 
exd or PART II. 
