CLASS SYNGENESIS 
183 
do not all begin to expand at the same time, they usually begin at 
the disk and proceed inwards towards the centre. If you examine 
with a microscope, one of the florets of the disk, you will perceive 
it to be tubular, containing one pistil surrounded by five stamens, 
which are separate; but the five anthers grow together, forming a 
tube around the pistil. It is this union of anthers which gives to it a 
place in the class Syngenesia. The florets of the ray are called 
neutral, having neither stamens nor pistils; the circumstance of 
neutral florets in the ra}g places the sun-flower in the order Frustra- 
nea , of the 17th class. 
Although the term compound is confined to the flowers of the class 
Syngenesia, the real circumstance on which the class is founded is 
not the compound character of the flower, but the union of the an¬ 
thers. A Clover blossom may in one sense be called compound, as 
it is a collection of many little flowers united.; but each little floret 
of the clover has its own cafyx ; there is no general calyx enclosing 
the whole, as in most of the Syngenesious plants, but the florets are 
arranged in such a manner as to form a head; the anthers are sep¬ 
arate, the filaments connected at their sides ; and this latter circum¬ 
stance, together with the papilionaceous form of the corolla, places 
the clover in the class Diadelphia. 
Most of the Syngenesious flowers are composed of two sorts of 
florets, either tubular , with a toothed margin; or strap- shaped, ( ligu- 
late ,) flat, but being also toothed at the edge; the latter are some¬ 
times called Semi-florets, or half flowers. 
Analysis of the Daisy . 
Fig. 144 represents the moun¬ 
tain daisy: we will consider 
its different parts. 
1. The liootj ( a ;) this is 
fibrous ; see the small thread¬ 
like parts issuing from the 
main root, or radix j from 
these fibres sotiietimes spring 
out little tubercles, it is then 
said to be fibrous-tubercled. 
2. The Leaves , (b ;) these 
spring from the root, and are 
hence called radical; being 
undivided, they are called sim¬ 
ple . In form, they are some¬ 
what oval, with the narrow end 
towards the stem ; this form is 
called obovate. The leaves are 
said to be ciliate , on account 
of the hairs upon their margin. 
3. The Stem ( c ) is called a 
scape , because it springs direct¬ 
ly from the root, and bears no 
leaves ; it is simple and pubes¬ 
cent. 
4. The Calyx ( d ) is hemi¬ 
spherical ; it is common , that is, 
enclosing many florets ; the 
leaflets of the calyx, sometimes 
called scales, are equal. 
Is a clover blossom a compound flower?—Two sorts of florets in most of the coni” 
pound flowers—Describe Fig. 141 . 
