EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV. 
Fig. 1. Carica papaya . Papaw-tree. (Family unknown.)* The name carica is 
from Caria, where the tree was first cultivated. Dioecious. 20 feet high. It is a native 
of the East and West Indies and Guinea—Fig. 1. A fertile plant. Trunk very simple, 
vertical, cylindric, marked with cicatrices produced by the fall of leaves. Leaves ter¬ 
minal, large, seven-lobed, petioled. Petioles two or three feet long. Flowers grow at 
the base of the petioles. Berries large, furrowed, depressed in the centre. The green 
fruit is eaten by the Indians in the same manner as we use the turnip. The buds are 
used for sweetmeats. The ripe fruit is eaten for a dessert, like melons. 
Fig. 2. Crescentia cujete. Calabash-tree. A tree 16 feet in height; native of 
South America and the West Indies. Trunk thick. Branches horizontal or reflexed. 
Leaves fasciculate, obovate, cruciform, fascicles alternate. Flowers rameus, sometimes 
cardine, solitary. Calyx campanulas, bi-lobed. Corolla large, sub-campanulate. 
Berries large, resembling the pumpkin in figure ; the epicarp cortical, like that of the 
gourd. 
Fig. 3. Vanilla aromatica. (Family of the Orckidecc.) This plant is sometimes 
called Epidendron vanilla, the generic name being derived from epi, upon, and dendron , 
a tree, because the plant grows parasitically on the trunks and branches of trees. It 
is perennial, climbing, parasitic \ a native of South America. Stems cylindric ; flow¬ 
ers ramose, producing roots at every joint, which fasten themselves to the bark of trees. 
Leaves alternate, oval, oblong, acute, thick. Flowers in terminal spikes, which are 
lax and pendent. Perianth simple, six-iobed. Capsule fusiform, containing small 
black seeds which have an aromatic taste and fragrant smell; they are used as per¬ 
fumes. This plant belongs to Gynandria Monandria. 
Fig. 4. Nepenthes distillatoria. (Family unknown.)+ A perennial plant of the 
Indies. Stem simple, with leaves towards the base. Leaves alternate, large, oval, 
lanceolate, contracting at the base into petioles which are semi-amplexicaulis, and 
terminated at the summit by a tendril which supports an aseidium; this is cylindric, 
and furnished with an operculum which opens and shuts according to the state of the 
atmosphere. Flowers terminal, panicled. 
Fig. 5. Sempervivum tectorum. House-leek tribe.t The generic name is derived 
from the Latin, semper , always, vivire, to live, and the specific name from tectum , 
house. This is a perennial, herbaceous plant, which grows to the height of sixteen 
inches. The stem is simple, vertical, foliated. Leaves succulent, oblong, alternate ; 
radical leaves cordate. Flowers in close panicles. Polyandria Polygynia. 
Fig. 6. Panicum italicum. (Family of the Grasses.) An herbaceous, annual 
plant, two feet jn height, a native of India. Culm erect. Leaves elongate, lanceolate* 
sheathing. Spike elongated, compounded of numerous spikelets. 
Fig. 7. Clathrus cancellatus. Mushroom. (Family of the Fungi.) A , young 
plant enclosed in its volva. i?, another more advanced; a, volva ruptured ; 6, peri- 
dium beginning to appear. C , a plant entirely developed. The peridium is globular 
and .cancell a ted. 
* IrincHoy forms of this a distinct family, called Papayacea . He considers it as allied to the Passion¬ 
flower tribe, in its fruit; and to the Pig tribe, in the separation of stamens and pistils, and in its milky juice, 
which resembles that, found in some species of Ficus, 
t Formed by Lindley into a new family, Nepenthes. 
I Belonging to the Crissulaceae of Lindley; allied to the Cacti and Euphorbite. 
