CLASS IV. ORDER I. 37 
the calyx, the upper one membranaceous; perfect floret with cartilaginous 
valves, unarmed, (cockfoot-grass, panic-grass.) 
[In spikes .] 
Hor /a deum. Spikelets 3 at each joint of the rachis, I or 2-flowered, all perfect, 
or the lateral ones abortive ; glume lateral, subulate; perfect flower with a 2- 
valved corolla ; lower valve ending in a bristle; seed coated, (barley.) Ex. 
• ORDER III. TRIGYNIA. 
' > 
Molluu'go. Calyx 5-leaved, coloured within; corolla 0; capsule 3-eelled, 3- 
valved. (carpet-weed.) 
Puoserpina'ca. Calyx 3-parted, superior ; corolla 0 ; fruit a hard nut, 3-sided, 
3- seeded, crowned by the calyx, (mermaid-weed.) 
CLASS IV. TETRANDRIA. 
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA, 
A. Flowers superior. [1 -pelalledi] 
Allio'nia. Common calyx oblong, simple, 3-flowered; proper calyx obsolete j 
corolla irregular; receptacle naked. 
Cephalan^tiius. Inflorescence in ahead; general calyx none; proper calyx 
superior, minute, angular, 4-cleft; corolla funnel-form; receptacle globular, 
hairy ; capsule 2 to4-celled ; seed solitary, oblong, (button-bush.) 
Dip^sacus. Flowers in an ovate or roundish head ; common calyx polyphl- 
lous, foliaceous; proper calyx monophyllous, superior; corolla tubular, 4-cleft; 
seed solitary, receptacle, conic, chaffy, (teasel.) 
Ga'lium. Calyx 4-toothed ; corolla flat, 4-cleft; fruit dry; seeds 2, roundish; 
leaves stellate, (bedstraw.) 
Ru A mA. Calyx small, 4-toothed, superior. Corolla bell-form. Filaments 
shorter than the corolla. Fruit pulpy, (madder.) 
Scabio'sa. Involucre many-leaved. Calyx double, superior. Corolla tubular. Fil¬ 
aments longer than the limb of the corolla. Seed naked, crowned by the calyx. 
Dio'dia. Calyx with the tube ovate, 2 or 4-toothed. Corolla funnel-form, 
4- lobed. Capsule ovate, 2-eelled. 
Hedyo'tis. Calyx 4-toothed. Corolla tubular, bearded at the throat, 4-parted. 
Capsule ovate, 2-celled, many-seeded. 
Housto'nia. Calyx 4-toothed. Corolla salver-form, 4-cleft; capsule 2-celleff, 
many-seeded, opening transversely. (Innocence.) 
Mitchel^la. Calyx 4-toothed; corollas 2 on each germ, funnel-form; tube 
cylindric ; limb 4-parted, spreading, villose on the inside; stamens scarcely ex- 
sert; stigma 4-cleft; berry double, 4-seeded. (partridge-berry.) 
Linna^a. Calyx double; that of the fruit 2-leaved, inferior; that of the stig¬ 
ma globose; berry 3-celled, dry. (twin-flower.) 
Cor /v nus. Calyx 4-toothed; drupe with a 2-celled nut. Some species have a 
4-leaved involucrum. (dogwood, false box.) 
LudwAgia. Calyx 4-parted, persistent; corolla sometimes 3; capsule quad? 
rangular, 4-celled, inferior, many-seeded. 
B. Flowers inferior. 
Planta'go. Calyx 4-cleft; corolla 4-cleft, reflex; capsule 2-celled opening 
transversely; stamens exsert very long, (plantain, ribwort) 
Centvjrel'la. Calyx 4-parted; corolla sub-companulate, segments somewhat 
erect; stigma thick; capsule i-celled, 2-valved, many-seeded, surrounded by 
the persistent calyx and corolla-. 
Ex'acum. Calyx deeply 4-parted; corolla 4-cleft, tube globose; capsule bisu- 
late, 2-celled, maiw-seeded. 
Swer"tia. Calyx flat, 4 or.5-parted; corolla 4 or 5-parted; tube short; bor¬ 
der spreading,nvith 2 pores at the base of each; style short; stigma 2; capsule 
1-celied, 2-valved. 
Fra 7 sera. Calyx deeply 4-parted; corolla 4-parted, spreading segments oval 
with a bearded orbicular gland in the middle of each ; capsule compressed, part¬ 
ly marginate, 1-celled; seeds few, large, imbricate, with a membranous margin. 
Ly'cium. Corolla tubular, having the throat closed by the beards of the fila¬ 
ments; stamens often 5'; ber-ry 2-celled, many-seeded, (matrimony.) 
Icto'des. General calyx a spatha; spadix simple, covered with flowers; peri- 
