CLASS XIX. ORDER XII. 65 
tillale flowers: calyx 1-leafed, entire, or 5-toothed, 1-flowered ; corolla 0; nut 
covered with the indurated calyx, 1-seeded. (hog-weed.) 
ORDER VI. HEXANDRIA. 
Ziza'nia. Staminate and pistillate flowers mixed. Staminate flowers : calyx 0; 
corolla-glume *2-valved, awned. Pistillate flowers : glume 2-valved, hooded, awn- 
ed; style 2-parted; seed inverted in the plaited, glume-like corolla, (wild-rice.) 
Cocos. See specific description. 
ORDER XII. FOLYANDRIA. 
A. Stems not woody. 
Sagitta'ria. Staminate flowers: calyx 3-leaved; corolla 3-petalled; filaments 
mostly 24. Pistillate flowers: calyx and corolla as in the staminate; germs 
many; capsules aggregate, 1-seeded, not opening, (arrow-head.) 
Ar"um. Spatha cucullate, 1-leafed; spadix not entirely covered with the 
fructification ; being more or less naked above, with pistillate flowers beneath 
and staminate in the middle, (sometimes a few are staminate beneath ; berry 
mostly 1-seeded, generally cirrose glandular beneath.) (Indian, or wild tur¬ 
nip, wakerobin ) 
Cal /a la. Spatha ovate becoming expanded ; spadix covered with the fructifi¬ 
cation ; stamens intermixed. Staminate flowers: calyx and corolla 0 ; anthers 
cessile. Pistillate flowers: calyx and corolla 0; berries 1-celled, many-seeded, 
crowned with the short style, (water-arum.) 
Pote'rium. Staminate flowers : calyx 4-leaved; corolla 4-parted ; stamens 30 
to 50. Pistillate flowers : calyx and corolla like the staminate ; pistils 2; berry 
from the indurated tube of the corolla, (burnet.) 
B. Stems woody. 
Q,uer // cus. Staminate flowers: ament loose; calyx sub 5-cleft; corolla 0; 
stamens 5 to 10. Pistillate flowers: calyx 1-leafed, entire, scabrous, being a 
woody cup; style 1; stigma 2 to 5 ; nut or acorn 1-celled, 1-seeded, coriaceous, 
surrounded at the base by the permanent calyx, (oak.) 
Cor^ylus. Staminate flowers: ament cylindric, imbricate; calyx a 3-cleft 
scale; pericarp none; stamens about 8. Pistillate flowers: calyx 2-parted, laci- 
niate; stigmas 2; nut ovate, surrounded by and included in the permanent leaf¬ 
like calyx, (hazle-nut.) 
Fa'gus. Staminate flowers: ament roundish; calyx 5 or 6-cleft, bell-form; 
stamens 5 to 12. Pistillate flowers: calyx 5-toothed, setose; germs 2; nuts 2, 
enclosed in the calyx, becoming coriaceous, eehinate. (beech.) 
Casta'nea. Polygamous. Staminate flowers: ament, and naked, linear; co¬ 
rolla or calyx 1-leafed, 5 or 6-parted; stamens 10 to 20. Pistillate flowers; calyx 
5 or 6-leaved, or 5 or 6-lobed, muricate; germs 3; nuts 3, with coriaceous puta- 
men enclosed in the calyx, becoming eehinate. (chestnut.) 
Be'tula. Staminate flowers: ament cylindric, imbricate; scales peltate, 3- 
flowered; stamens 10 to 12. Pistillate flowers: calyx a 2 or 3-flowered scale; 
seed 1, winged, (birch.) 
Plat^anus. Ament globose. Staminate flowers: corolla none, or scarcely ap¬ 
parent; anthers growing around the filaments. Pistillate flowers: calyx many¬ 
leaved ; style with a recurved stigma; seed roundish, crowned with the mucro- 
nate style, with egret-like hairs at the base, (button-wood, false sycamore.) 
Jug^lans. Staminate flowers: ament imbricate; calyx a scale, generally 5- 
parted ; corolla 4 or 5-parted ; stamens 18 to 36. Pistillate flowers : calyx 4-cltift, 
superior; corolla 4-cleft or 4-parted ; styles 1 or 2; drupe partly spongy; nut 
rugose and irregularly furrowed, (butternut, black-walnut.) 
Car^ya. Staminate flowers: ament imbricate; calyx of 3-parted scales; co¬ 
rolla 0; stamens 4 to 6. Pistillate flowers: calyx 4-cleft, superior; corolla 0; 
styles 0; stigma disk-like, 4-lobed; pericarp 4-valved; nut sub-quadrangular, 
even, (hickory, walnut.) 
LiauiDAM^BER. Staminate flowers: ament conical, surrounded by a 4-leaved 
involucre; perianth none. Pistillate flowers : ament globose; perianth 1-leafed, 
urceolate, 2-flowered ; styles 2; capsules 2, 1-celled, many-seeded, (sweet 
gum-tree.) &. 
Os"trya. Staminate flowers : ament cylindrical; scales 1-flowered; perianth 
0; filaments branched. Pistillate flowers : ament naked; capsule inflated, im¬ 
bricate. (iron wood.) 
