168 
VOCABULARY. 
<S alsus. Salt-tasted. 
Salver-form. Corolla with a flat spread¬ 
ing border proceeding from the top 
of a lube : flower monopetalous. 
Sam'ara. A winged pericarp not open¬ 
ing by values, as the maple. 
Sap. The watery fluid contained in 
the tubes and little cells of vegeta¬ 
bles. 
Sapor. Having taste. 
Sarmen'tose. Running on the ground, 
and striking root from the joints only, 
as the strawberry. 
Sar 1 cocarp. (From mfx, flesh, and kar- 
pos , fruit.) The fleshy part of fruit. 
Scaber , or Sea' b toils. Rough. 
Scandens. Climbing. 
Scape. A stalk 'which springs from the 
root, and supports flowers and fruit 
but no leaves, as the dandelion. 
Sca'rious. Having a thin membranous 
margin. 
Scattered. Standing without any reg¬ 
ular order. 
Scioyis. Shoots proceeding laterally 
from the roots or bulb of a root. 
Secernant stimulants , are medicines 
which promote the internal secre¬ 
tions. 
Secnnd. Unilateral, arranged on one 
side only. 
Segment. A part or principal division 
of a leaf, calyx, or corolla. 
Sempervi'vens. Living through the 
winter, and retaining its leaves. 
Sepal. Leaves or divisions of the catyx. 
Septa. Partitions that divide the inte¬ 
rior of the fruit. 
Septiferous. Bearing septa. 
Serrate. Notched like the teeth of a 
saw. 
Ser'rulate. Minutely serrate. 
Sessile. Sitting down; placed imme¬ 
diately on the main stem without a 
foot-stalk. 
Seta. A bristle. 
Seta'ceous. Bristle-form. 
Setose. Covered with bristles. 
Shaft. A pillar, sometimes applied to 
the style. 
Sheath. A tubular or folded leafy por¬ 
tion including within it the stem. 
Shoot. Each tree and shrub sends forth 
annually a large 'shoot in the spring 
and a smaller one from the end of 
that in June. 
Shrub. A plant with a woody stem, 
branching out nearer the ground than 
a tree, usually smaller. 
Sic'cus. Dry. 
Sil'icle. A seed-vessel constructed like 
a silique, but not much longer than 
it is broad. 
Silique. A long pod or seed-vessel of 
two valves, having the seed attached 
to the two edges alternately. 
Simple. Not divided, branched or com¬ 
pounded. 
Sin'uate. The margin hollowed out 
resembling a bay. 
Sdnus. A bay ; applied to the plant, a 
roundish cavity in the edge of the 
leaf or petal. 
So'ri. Plural of sorus ; fruit-dots on 
ferns. 
Sorose. A genus of fruits in Mirbel’s 
classes. 
Spa'dix. An elongated receptacle of 
flowers, commonly proceeding from 
a spalha. 
Spa'lha. A sheathing calyx opening 
lengthwise on one side, and consist¬ 
ing of one or more valves. 
Spal'ulate. Large, obtuse at the end, 
gradually tapering into a stalk at the 
base. 
Spe'cies. The lowest division of vege¬ 
tables. 
Specific. . Belonging to a species only. 
Sper'ma. Seed. 
Spike. A kind of inflorescence in 
which the flowers are sessile, or near¬ 
ly so, as in the mullein, or wheat. 
Spike'let. A small spike. 
Spin'die-shaped. Thick at top, gradu¬ 
ally tapering, fusiform. 
Spine. A thorn or sharp process grow¬ 
ing from the wood. 
Spinescent. Bearing spines or thorns. 
Spino'sus. Thorny. 
Spi ral. Twisted like a screw. 
Sporules. That part in cryptogamous 
plants which answers to seeds. 
Spur. A sharp hollow projection from 
a flower, commonly the nectary. 
Spur'red-rye. A morbid swelling of 
the seed, of a black or dark colour, 
sometimes called ergot; the black 
kind is called the malignant ergot. 
Grain growing in low 7 , moist ground,, 
or new land, is most subject to it. 
Squamo'sc. Scaly. 
Squarro'se. Ragged, having divergent 
scales. 
Stamen . That part of the flov 7 er on 
which the artificial classes are found¬ 
ed. 
Stam'inate. Having stamens without 
pistils. 
Standard. See Banner. 
Stel'late. Like a star. 
Stem. A general supporter of leaves, 
flowmrs, and fruit. 
Stemless. Having no stem. 
Ster'il. Barren. 
Stigma. The summit, or top of the 
pistil. 
Stipe. The stem of a fern, or fungus ; 
