YAL 
YIO 
YALERIANA (Necker.) Nat. Ord. 
Valeriaiiacece. Showy border plants, the 
hardy kinds grow freely in any mode¬ 
rately good soil. V. capensis requires 
the protection of a frame in winter; 
their flowers are of various shades of 
red or white. 
VALLOTA (Herbert.) Nat. Ord. 
Amaryllidaceae. The two species are 
very beautiful bulbous-rooted plants of 
easy culture. V.purpura succeeds even 
when treated as a window plant. They 
should be potted in a mixture of peat 
or leaf-mould and loam, have plenty of 
water when growing, and be kept rather 
dry as soon as it is completed, until they 
show flowers. 
YANDA (R. Brown.) Nat. Order 
Orchidacea. These magnificent true 
epiphytes being derived from the warmer 
parts of the East should, in cultivation, 
be kept in a high temperature, which, in 
the growing season, should also be sur¬ 
charged with moisture. The plants may 
be attached to blocks of wood and sus¬ 
pended from the roof of the stove. 
Erom March till May the heat should 
range from 70° to 90°, or even more in 
sunny weather, and every morning and 
evening they should be surrounded with 
vapour, besides an application of water 
from the syringe once a day; from May 
till September, which with us is the 
blooming season, the same degree of 
heat should be maintained, but with a 
diminution of the moisture as the flowers 
advance; and afterwards, through the 
winter, moisture may be withheld, and 
the temperature reduced to 60°. 
YERATRUM (Linn.) Nat. Order 
Melantliacece. Hardy border plants, 
which grow in any tolerably good soil; 
they are pretty when in flower, and easily 
cultivated. V. nigrum is the most com¬ 
mon and the best. 
YERBENA (Linn.) Natural Order 
Verbenace(B. The beauty of this exten¬ 
sive genus is well known, and needs no 
comment. They are all peculiarly 
adapted for growing in beds iu the 
flower garden, and are extensively culti¬ 
vated for that purpose. To preserve 
them through the winter the protection 
of a greenhouse or a good pit is neces¬ 
sary ; the cuttings should be struck in 
August, and potted separately into small 
pots in sandy peat and loam; these 
make nice plants by the spring, if kept 
gently growing through the winter, and 
will then afford an abundant supply of 
young plants for bedding by taking off 
the shoots and striking them in a mode¬ 
rate hot-bed. By the end of May they 
will be fit for removal to the open air, 
where they should be attended with 
water in dry weather, and duly trained 
in the manner desired. Yerbenas grown 
in pots afford a brilliant display through 
the summer and autumn, and are valu¬ 
able for decorative purposes of all kinds. 
New varieties are obtained from seed, 
which often takes a long time to vege¬ 
tate ;' it is best sown as soon as ripe, 
but even then a great part will not come 
up till perhaps the next autumn, so that 
the pans should be preserved for a con¬ 
siderable time. 
YERONICA (Linn.) Natural Order 
Scrophulariacete. An extensive genus 
of, for the most part, hardy ornamental 
plants, well adapted for the borders of 
the flower garden; their stature varies 
from positive creeping plants to others 
three or four feet high; the prevailing 
colour is blue, though white, pink, red, 
and purple are found among them; 
they succeed in almost any soil or situa¬ 
tion. The greenhouse species will de¬ 
serve attention, being easy both to grow 
and flower, and handsome in foliage, 
habit, and inflorescence; this class de¬ 
lights in a mixture of peat and loam, 
and with plenty of root room speedily 
make fine specimens. 
YINCA (Linn.) Natural Order 
Apocynacece. The Periwinkle is known 
to every one as an excellent covering for 
rockwork or the backs of deep borders ; 
all the species succeed in shaded moist 
places, and most of them are highly 
ornamental. 
YIOLA (Linn.) Nat. Ord. Violacece. 
In this genus we are presented with 
several very popular flowers, such as the 
common blue and white Yiolets, the 
double Russian and Neapolitan A r iolets, 
the Pansy or Heartsease, and various 
others. There are upwards of a bun- 
