YAC 
YES 
but the increased returns in after years 
must be looked to for repayment. Where 
the plantation is extensive, there will, in 
all probability, arise accidents occasionally 
fatal to the leaders of the most exposed 
plants ; in such cases it is generally ad¬ 
visable to cut them down completely to 
the ground, and from the shoots which 
spring from the stool to select the most 
promising to form the future tree, this 
has then to be treated as were its 
neighbours in their infant state. 
YACCINIUM, Whortleberry (Linn.) 
Nat. Ord. Vaccinacece. This is a rather 
extensive genus, composed, for the most 
part, of neat little alpine, or sub-alpine 
plants, usually deciduous, and ornamented 
with white or pink flowers, succeeded by 
edible berries, which in some species are 
esteemed as a culinary article. V. Myr- 
tillus, commonly known as the bilberry, 
is found on many elevated heaths both 
in England and Scotland; in May its 
bright green leaves and red waxy flowers 
render it very pleasing, and in autumn 
the leaves assume a darker tint, and its 
berries become ripe, when they are 
gathered, to be made into tarts, or eaten 
with cream. V. uliginosum, the bleaberry, 
is another indigenous fruit-bearing shrub. 
It is somewhat taller in growth than the 
bilberry, but inferior in beauty; its fruit 
is larger, and of less flavour. In Erance 
they are used by some vintners to colour 
their wines red, and an ardent spirit may 
be drawn from them, which is highly 
volatile and intoxicating. V. Pennsylva- 
nicurn is a neat interesting shrub, and 
produces good-flavoured fruit. V. vitis 
Idaa s th& cowberry, is another well-known 
form; it is of humble growth, rising about 
nine inches high, and from the cir¬ 
cumstance of its being evergreen, and 
being capable of living within the drip of 
trees, has been recommended as an edging 
to shrubbery borders ; its fruit is small, 
red, acid, and bitter, and though unfit for 
pastry, makes an excellent jelly, far 
superior to that of the currant, as a 
sauce for venison, and is very beneficial in 
colds and sore throats. V. diffusum , or 
arboreim , is a tall-growing tree-like plant, 
and is the only member of the genus 
which rises above the stature of an under 
shrub ; the remainder are all interesting 
or beautiful, and, with one or two ex¬ 
ceptions, are perfectly hardy. They all 
succeed best in peat or very sandy loam. 
Some cultivators assert that they require 
a damp situation, while others have found 
them to do in dry places; this apparent 
contradiction may perhaps be reconciled 
by the supposition that the individuals 
spoken of had been derivedfrom situations 
similar to those they were afterwards 
grown in, for it is well known they are 
little affected by cultivation, and retain 
their natural habits under all circum¬ 
stances. Seedling plants will be the 
most apt to accommodate themselves to 
a change, but only to a certain extent, 
and therefore it will be well to place 
them in different positions, till that most 
suitable is discovered. They are increased 
by suckers, the trailing-rooted stems, or 
by seed; the latter should be sown in 
autumn as soon as it is ripe, in pans of 
light peaty soil, and so kept till the next 
spring, when they may be planted out, 
taking care to preserve a good ball of 
roots to each plant, and attend them with 
water as required. Where rhododendrons 
and American plants succeed, these will 
generally be found to thrive, and if a rill 
of water is near, that will undoubtedly 
afford a good opportunity to cultivate 
them on its margins, where their appear¬ 
ance will be most pleasing. The genus 
contains upwards of forty species and 
varieties, the most desirable of which are 
those already mentioned, together with 
such as buxifolium , a very curious plant 
from North America; eorymbosum, and its 
variety, fuscatum ; frondosum ; venustum , 
the blue tangles; humifusum , a trailer; 
grandiflorum; ligustrinum , with purple 
flowers; Myrcmites, and its varieties, also 
purple, and the white-berried variety of 
Myrtillus. Such a collection would be 
gay from April to June, with their pretty 
bell-shaped flowers borne on loose 
racemes, and in most cases standing pro¬ 
minently above the mass of recent bright 
green foliage. 
YESICARIA (Lamarck). Nat. Ord. 
Crucifera. The shrubby portion of this 
genus contains neat plants of dwarf habit, 
suitable for ornamenting rockwork, and 
bearing bright yellow, star-like flowers. 
