4 
P. J. BERCKMANS COMPANY, AUGUSTA, GA. 
emulsion. Enough emulsion should be used to satu¬ 
rate the soil to a depth of 3 or 4 inches. Recent 
experiments have shown that kerosene emulsion may 
be used with success, xobacco dust is of more value 
as a preventative and fertilizer. Badly infested trees 
should receive kerosene treatment. 
PEACHES AND PLUMS 
CURCULIO (Conotracheus nenuphar). Spray the 
trees before the blossoms open, with a solution of 
arsenate of lead, 3 tbs.; lime, 2 lbs. to 50 gallons 
of water. Use Bordeaux with arsenate of lead when 
the blossoms have fallen; ten days later Bordeaux 
and arsenate of lead. If peach and plum trees are 
in foliage, use 3 pounds copper sulphate, 9 pounds 
lime and 50 gallons of water; a stronger mixture 
will burn the foliage. Then follow with a large 
hopper made of sheeting and having a spread of 10 
to 15 feet, having a slit in same so that the tree 
can be encircled; give the trunk a quick blow with 
a padded club; this causes the curculio to fall. Bump 
the insects into a jar of kerosene. Jarring should 
be done daily, beginning at dayli^nt and continuing 
until 8 or 9 o’clock. It will hardly pay to jar the 
trees at any other time. Continue the jarring until 
the orchard is rid of the insects. 
PEACH TREE BORER (Sanninoides exitiosa). The 
old method of worming peaCh trees during winter has 
been found inffeective, principally because the worms 
cause too much damage before being removed. A better 
methou is the following: 
Supposing that we start with an infested orchard, 
first worm the trees in the spring; this will lessen the 
number of worms that will reach maturity. About July 
1st apply a wash to a height of >18 to 20 inches, allow¬ 
ing it to go well down on the roots. Immediately 
afterward draw up the earth to the trees forming a 
cone 6 to 8 inches above the level. This will force 
the borer-moths to deposit eggs up above the mound 
of earth. The wash previously applied will help to 
repel the moths. A second application of deterrent 
wash, during August, should be applied if the first wash 
gets thin, that is, keep the bark coated. 
The following is an excellent wash for peach trees: 
One bushel of quick lime, 20 pounds of sulphur, 1 
gallon of coal-tar, 50 gallons of water. Mix tar and 
sulphur in 10 gallons of water in barrel, add lime, keep 
well stirred. When entirely slacked dilute to 50 gallons. 
During the last of October remove the mound from 
around the trees, and thoroughly scrape and clean the 
bark. This will kill many young worms and probably 
some eggs. Now apply the wash again as it may kill 
many little borers that may be exposed but not actually 
killed by the scraping process. Worm the trees in the 
spring for the few worms that may escape the treat¬ 
ment just suggested. 
SAN JOSE SCALE (Aspidiotus perniciosus). This 
attacks peach, pear, apple, quince, cherry, raspberry, 
rose, and a number of other trees and shrubs. For 
winter treatment we would recommend either lime- 
sulphur wash or lime-sulphur-salt wash. Experiments 
have shown that salt is not necessary, but is preferred 
I by some people. Spray in December and again late 
in February or early March. For summer treatment 
would suggest spraying with kerosene emulsion, one 
part of emulsion to live of water, or use the regular 
strength of lime, sulphur and salt mixture, applying 
| this with a brush to the trunks and larger limbs only, 
i None of this mixture should be put on the foliage or 
young growth. 
OTHER SCALE INSECTS, of which there are sev¬ 
eral species, which are more or less destructive to 
fruit or other trees. Kerosene emulsion, whale-oil 
soap or kerosene in a mechanical sprayer will eradi¬ 
cate them. 
(Note.—If your trees are infected with any insects 
or fungous diseases, send infected portion to vour 
Experiment Station, your State Entomologist or U. S. 
Entomologist at Washington, D. C.) 
JAPANESE PERSIMMONS, WALNUTS 
AND PECANS 
BORER (Prionus). These bore through the roots 
and usually destroy the tree; and must be carefully 
removed. Carefully examine collar of tree in winter 
and midsummer, and apply lime and sulphur wash. 
CATERPILLAR (Catocala maestosa). This insect 
feeds on the leaves of pecans, and is sometimes quite 
injurious; spray with Paris green, 4 ounces, lime 
1 pound to 50 gallons of water. 
PECAN BUD WORM (Proteopteryx Deludana). 
Spray the trees just as the buds are opening, with 
arsenate of lead, 3 pounds to 50 gallons of water, 
and repeat application 10 days later. If the worms 
appear again in June or July, repeat the same treat¬ 
ment. This will also help control the pecan case 
bearer. 
TWIG GIRDLERS (Oncideres cingulatus). All limbs 
that have been girdled and have fallen must be burned 
at once, thus destroying all future broods of sawyers. 
GRAPE-VINES 
BORER (Prionus). Its presence is manifested by 
the unhealthy appearance of the vine. Search must 
be made at the roots and the grub destroyed. 
FLEA BEETLE (Haltica Chalybea). Dust leaves 
with dry lime. 
GRAPE CURCULIO (Coeliodes inoequalis). Paris 
green or arsenate of lead solution as a spray, as soon 
as fruit is set. 
LEAF HOPPER (Erythroneura vitis). Passing 
with a torch between the rows in the evening, ana 
shaking the vines to disturb the insects. 
LEAF FOLDER (Desmia funeralis). Kerosene 
emulsion or Paris green or arsenate of lead as a 
spray. 
PHYLLOXERA. Various insecticides are recom¬ 
mended but must be applied below thfc ground with 
the aid of specially constructed apparatus. 
STRAWBERRIES 
BEETLE (Haltica ignita). Dust leaves with dry lime. 
Dangerous Fungous Diseases 
APPLE TREE BLIGHT. May be treated similarly 
as for pears, but fewer applications ore required. 
BLACK ROT IN GRAPES. Spray with copper 
sulphate solution in spring before buds sw r ell. When 
leaves appear, spray with Bordeaux; repeat twice at 
intervals of 10 to 14 uays. Dusting with flowers of 
sulphur as soon as fruit is set, and roneated every 10 
days until coloring, is advisable for mildew, but if 
Bordeaux mixture is used early it will lessen the ap¬ 
pearance of the latter. 
BLACK KNOT IN PLUMS. Cut off the affected 
branches below affected parts, and burn, to prevent 
its spreading. Spray with Bordeaux mixture. 
BROWN ROT ON PEACHES, PLUMS AND NEC¬ 
TARINES. Spray with Bordeaux Mixture, containing 
4 pounds copper sulphate, 6 pounds lime to 50 gal¬ 
lons of water, before the buds swell. When fruit is 
well set, Bordeaux (3-9-50). Rpeeat this spraying 
at intervals of 10 to 14 days. Spraying may be 
continued until fruit begins to ripen. Even this re¬ 
duced strength Bordeaux may burn foliage during 
very wet seasons. Dusting with flowers of sulphur is 
advisable if Bordeaux mixture is not used, but the 
sulphur should be applied every 10 to 14 days. All 
mummified fruit and limbs showing brown rot must 
be removed and burned. 
PEACH AND PLUM ROSETTE. Root up and burn 
the affected trees as soon as the disease is observed. 
PEACH LEAF CURL (Exoascus deformans). Spray 
with Bordeaux (4-6-50) during late fall or at least one 
month before the fruit buds open; when trees are 
thoroughly covered only one application is necessary 
to prevent this disease. Recent experiments indicate 
that fall spraying will control leaf curl as well as 
early spring treatment, if trees are well-coated. If 
spraying has not been done and the disease appears, 
continuous cultivation and the application of nitro¬ 
genous manures will throw off the diseased leaves and 
save the fruit crop. In Ciise of oan Jose scale in the 
same orchard the lime, salt and sulphur wash may be 
used effectively aginst both scale and leaf curl at one 
spraying. 
PEAR BLxGHT. The following preventive measures 
are recommended: As buds are swelling, spray with 
copper solution; as blossoms fall, Bordeaux mixture 
(3-9-50) and arsenites; 8 to 12 days later repeat ap¬ 
plication. and use Bordeaux mixture 10 to 14 days 
later, and again 10 to 14 days later, if necessary. 
If blight has occurred, cut off and burn all affected 
limbs to prevent spreading. During winter, carefully re¬ 
move all blighted twigs, and pay particular attention to 
removing all blight occurring in main limbs or branches. 
Send for bulletin on “Control of Pear Blight,” which 
can be secured from the Bureau of Plant Industry, 
Washington, D. C., or from the State Board of Ento¬ 
mology, Atlanta, Ga. Disinfect the pruning shears. 
