SIGMUND TARNOK & COMPANY 
again later in February or early March if the or¬ 
chard is badly infested. For summer would sug¬ 
gest spraying with kerosene emulsion, one part of 
the emulsion to five parts of water. 
Scap—Use one and one-fourth gallons of lime sul¬ 
phur solution, two pounds of arsenate of lead to each 
fifty gallons of water. Spray first, just before buds 
open; second, repeat as soon as petals fall; third, 
three or four weeks after petals fall; fourth, eight 
weeks after petals fall. 
Woolly Aphis (Schizoneura lanigera)—For above¬ 
ground colonies, spray with Black Leaf 40, 1 part to 
200 parts of water, or a tobacco decoction. The sum¬ 
mer spray of 1gallons of lime-sulphur to 50 gal¬ 
lons of water will also kill them, but must be applied 
with great force. 
For root-inhabiting colonies, remove the soil to a 
depth of about three inches, or sufficient to partially 
expose the roots; open a circle from four to eight 
feet in diameter, depending on the spread of the 
roots; distribute three to eight pounds of tobacco 
dust or use 10 per cent kerosene emulsion. Enough 
emulsion should be used to saturate the soil to a 
depth of three or four inches. Recent experiments 
have shown that kerosene emulsion may be used with 
success. Tobacco dust is of more value as a preven¬ 
tive and fertilizer. Badly infested trees should be 
treated with kerosene emulsion, applying this in 
April or May, but be sure to have the stock solution 
properly made or it may Injure the trees. 
BLACKBERRIES 
Rust—Use a spray of sulphate of copper solution; 
one part to fifteen gallons of water before buds 
break. Use Bordeaux Mixture (4-G-50) if Rust ap¬ 
pears in spring or summer. 
GRAPES 
Block Rot—Use Bordeaux Mixture (3-4-50). Spray 
first, when leaves have expanded; second, just after 
fruit has set; repeat every two weeks until fruit is 
nearly grown. 
Borer (Prionus)—Its presence is manifested by the 
unhealthy appearance of the vine. Search must be 
made at the roots and the grub destroyed. 
Curculio—Use Bordeaux Mixture (3-4-50) adding 
two pounds of arsenate of lead. Spray, first, before 
blooming; second, when fruit is about one-eighth 
inch in diameter; third, about first or fifteenth of 
June. 
Flea Beetle—Use two pounds of arsenate of lead, 
three pounds of lime to fifty gallons of water. Spray 
as buds are swelling and a second time about two 
weeks later. 
Leaf Folder (Desmia funeralis)—Kerosene emul¬ 
sion or paris green or arsenate of lead as a spray. 
Mildew—This can be controlled by Bordeaux Mix¬ 
ture same as recommended for Black Rot. 
JAPAN PERSIMMONS, WALNUTS AND PECANS 
Borer (Prionus)—These bore through the roots and 
usually destroy the tree, and must be carefully re¬ 
moved. Carefully examine collar of tree in winter 
and mid-summer, and apply lime-sulphur wash. 
Caterpillar (Catocala maetosa)—Feeds on the 
leaves of pecans, and is sometimes quite Injurious. 
Spray with paris green four ounces, lime one pound, 
to fifty gallons of water. 
Pecan Bud Worm (Proteopteryx deludana)—Spray 
the trees just as the buds are opening, with arsenate 
of lead, three pounds to fifty gallons of water, and 
two pounds of lime, and repeat application ten days 
later. If the worms appear again in June or July 
repeat the treatment. This will also help control the 
pecan husk borer. 
Twig Girdlers (Oncideres cingulatus)—All limbs 
that have been girrdled and have fallen must be 
burned at once, thus destroying all future broods of 
sawyers. 
White Fly—One and one-half gallons of Schnarr’s 
I socti. ide to 100 gallons of water, or Whale-oil soap 
1 to 1V. ounces to 1 gallon of water, or Thomsen 
Chemical Company's lime-sulphur solution, 1 part to 
25 parts of water. 
PEACHES AND PLUMS 
Peach Tree Borer (Sanninoidea exitiosa) — The old 
method of worming peach trees in winter has been 
found ineffective, principally because the worms 
cause too much damage before being removed. 
In the spring remove the earth from about the 
body of the tree down to the crown, scraping off 
gummy exudations, and carefully search for the 
borer. For this work use a farrier’s knife or a tool 
especially made for worming peach trees. 
An excellent wash for the borers is the following: 
One bushel of quicklime, 20 pounds of sulphur, 1 
gallon of coal-tar, 50 gallons of water. Mix tar and 
sulphur in 10 gallons of water and add lime. Stir 
well while slaking. When it is entirely slaked di¬ 
lute the above to 50 gallons, and apply this wash to 
the tree, allowing it to run well down upon the roots. 
As soon as it is applied, draw up the earth to the 
tree so that it will form a cone about six inches 
above the level. A second application of this wash 
should be made during August. During the last of 
October remove the mound of earth from around the 
tree and thoroughly scrape the bark, as in the spring, 
and give another application of the wash, when this 
is completed draw up the earth about the tree as 
above recommended. This is a vigorous treatment, 
but is effective in all cases. 
Black Knot in Plums—Cut off the affected branches 
below affected parts and burn to prevent its spread¬ 
ing. Spray with bordeaux mixture. 
Brown Rot on Peaches, Plums and Nectarines — As 
Brown Rot, Curculio and Scab work together, the 
same treatment is, therefore, recommended for all. 
For Early and Mid-Season Varieties—First: Spray 
the trees about ten days after the petals fall, when 
the calyces or shucks are being pushed off. using VA 
pounds of tri-plumbic arsenate of lead and 3 pounds 
of lime to each 50 gallons of water. This is for the 
curculio and should be applied with a nozzle capable 
of thrwing a fine spreading mist, covering the fruit 
and foliage with a very thin film of poison, but un¬ 
der no circumstances should the trees be drenched. 
Second: About twenty days later, or one month 
after the petals fall, spray the trees with atomic sul¬ 
phur, 5 pounds to 50 gallons of water, or self-boiled 
lime-sulphur (8-8-50). To this should be added 1% 
pounds of tri-plumbic arsenate of lead, and where 
arsenate of lead is used. 3 pounds of lime to each 
50 gallons of the spray. This is the second treatment 
for the curculio and the first treatment for scab and 
brown rot. 
Third: About one month before the fruit is ex¬ 
pected to ripen, spray the trees with atomic sul¬ 
phur, 5 pounds to each 50 gallons of water, or with 
self-boiled lime sulphur. No poison should be used 
at this time, and since the application is intended to 
prevent the development of brown rot during the 
month preceding the ripening of the fruit and dur¬ 
ing the picking season, the trees should be sprayed 
rather heavily so as to coat the fruit on all sides. 
For Late Varieties—Late varieties should be spray¬ 
ed with an additional application of atomic sulphur 
or self-boiled lime-sulphur about three weeks after 
the second treatment. This extra treatment is for 
the protection of the fruit from the attacks of peach 
scab, to which late maturing varieties are especially 
susceptible, as the interval between the second and 
third treatment would be much too long without it. 
Curculio—To prevent the depradation of this pest 
see remedial measures under Brown Rot and Scab. 
Peach and Plum Rosette—Root up and burn the 
affected tree as soon as the disease is observed. 
San Jose Scale—Same treatment as recommended 
for Apples. 
PEARS 
Pear Blight—Cut off and burn all affected limbs. 
Cnreful pruning should be resorted to during the 
winter to remove all affected limbs and affected 
areas. Disinfect the pruning shears after removing 
each branch or affected part. About a 4 per cent 
solution of formaldehyde can be used for this pur¬ 
pose. 
Pear Blight is a bacterial disease and easily trans¬ 
mitted. Write to the State Board of Entomology, 
4 
