House and Garden 
THE PLAN OF G AIGNI ERE S-169O 
The “ Plan de Ouesnel,” however, which 
is dated 1609, the last year of the reign of 
Henry IV., shows the great advance which 
had been made in the time of that king. A 
new line of fortifications, later called the en¬ 
ceinte of Charles IX., had been thrown out 
from the Porte Saint-Denis to the Pont de 
la Concorde, on the site of the modern 
Boulevard. At the Louvre, the corps de 
batiment of Henry II., the Petite Galerie, 
the Grande Galerie and the southern portion 
of the Tuileries are shown. These buildings 
were, probably, not so far advanced as repre¬ 
sented. The Pont-Neuf, the Place Dauphine 
and Place Royale appear. There is only 
one copy of this map in existence, that at 
the Bibliotheque Nationale. It shows no 
attempt at geometrical accuracy, the scale 
used being the pace ; “ L’echelle des pas de 
1’auteur.” 
The “ Plan de Vassalieu ” does not differ 
essentially from that of Quesnel. It is a 
famous map on account of its artistic 
qualities. 
THE ENCEINTE OF CHARLES IX. 
The history of the final line of fortification 
between the Porte Saint-Denis and the Pont 
de la Concorde, shown in the last two maps, 
is not clear. It was probably begun about 
1550 to protect the Faubourg Saint-Honore 
and the Tuileries, and finished about 1636. 
It is always called the enceinte of Charles IX. 
THE OLD PARIS BRIDGES AND THE PONT-NEUF 
The main thoroughfare of the city of Paris 
must always be the river. The Parisians 
have recognized this, and when bridges have 
become necessary, they have built about the 
best thing possible at the moment. A book 
on the Paris bridges, brought up to date, 
would be a standard manual on the art of 
civic bridge construction. Of the entire 
series there are, perhaps, none so fascinating 
as the oldest, those which were built in the 
medieval and Renaissance periods and have 
disappeared. Of these there were five, shown 
in all the earlier maps published with this 
article ; the Petit-Pont and the Pont Saint- 
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