P. J.Berckmatvs Co. Augusta. Georgia 
FRUIT DEPARTMENT 
PECANS, continued 
cannot expect paying results before the trees are from seven to eight years of age. A ten-year tree should 
produce from fifteen to fifty pounds of nuts. If insects or fungous disease affect the Pecan, see page 4. 
Directions for Handling and Transplanting Pecans 
I ake great care in preventing the roots of the trees from becoming dry, by being exposed to the weather. 
Keep the roots moist and covered at all times. When taking the trees to the field for setting, they must be 
carefully covered with moss, wet sacks or something else, to protect them from drying out. This is impor¬ 
tant. Only one tree should be removed at a time and this set at once in the hole previously dug. This hole 
must-be at least 2 feet wide and of proper depth. Cut oft the ends of all bruised or broken roots. It has 
been practically demonstrated that it is advisable to cut off a part of the taproot, as this causes the roots 
to throw out laterals. 1 his will allow the tree to receive more food, and, at the same time, affords it a firmer 
hold upon the land. Use a sharp knife for this; do not use an axe or hatchet. Place the tree in the hole 
about 2 inches deeper than it originally stood in the nursery row; fill the hole about half full with well- 
pulverized top soil in which there is a proper proportion of well-rotted stable manure. If this is not avail¬ 
able, use the proper amount of high-grade fertilizer. This must also be thoroughly mixed with the above- 
mentioned soil. 
Pack the earth well about the roots of the tree—the firmer the better. Fill up the hole and pack the 
dirt well, but leave at least 2 inches of loose soil on top. If the soil is very dry, some water should be poured 
about the tree when the hole is partly filled. When the trees are more than 3 or 4 feet in height, the top 
should be cut back to within 3 feet of the ground. Do this after the tree is planted. Be careful not to 
break the eyes off the tree in handling. Keep them well cultivated and properly pruned. 
SMALL FRUITS 
BLACKBERRIES 
Cultural Directions. —Blackberries thrive on 
almost any soil, but the most desirable is a strong 
loam, retentive of moisture, tending toward clay 
rather than sand, but soil must be well drained at 
all times. Fertilizers containing a good proportion 
of potash arc the most desirable; too much humus or 
nitrogen will induce a rank growth of wood at the 
expense of the fruit. As a preventive for rust, spray 
with copper sulphate solution during the fall and 
winter, and with Bordeaux (4-6-50) during the 
spring and summer. The rows should be 6 to 8 feet 
apart and the plants from 3 to 4 feet in the row, 
according to the character of the soil. If desired to 
cultivate both ways, set the plants in checks 6 to 7 
feet each way. As soon as the fruiting season is 
past, remove the old canes; these should be burned 
at once. The young canes should be clipped off 
when they reach the height of about 2 feet; this 
will cause them to branch and they will become self- 
supporting. Apply fertilizer during the late winter 
and give shallow and constant cultivation. 
Eldorado. Very hardy and vigorous. Berries large, 
borne in large clusters, and ripen well together. 
Very sweet; no core. A heavy bearer, and valuable 
sort. 10 cts. each, 75 cts. for 10, $2 for 50, $3 per 
100, $22.50 per i.ooo. 
Erie. Very productive and early. Fruit large, round, 
good quality. One of the most popular sorts. Early. 
10 cts. each, 50 cts. for 10, $1.50 for 50, $2 per 100, 
tne canes closely together in the row. 
All Dewberries should be mulched, to keep the 
berries from the ground. 
Austin’s Improved. Fruit very large, subacid, vinous, 
but of second quality. Enormous bearer. The most 
productive market variety we have ever grown, and 
is eight to ten days ahead of any other. Strong and 
vigorous grower, and stands our hottest summers 
perfectly. Free from rust. Twenty-five two-year 
plants produced forty quarts of immense berries. 
Strong plants, 10 cts. each, 50 cts. for 10, $1.50 for 
50, $2 per 100, $15 per 1,000. 
Lucretia. One of the low-growing, trailing Black¬ 
berries. In size and quality it equals any of the tall- 
growing sorts. Hardy and very productive, with 
large showy flowers. Fruit sweet and luscious,with 
no hard core. Ripens early. 10 cts. 50 cts. for 10,. 
$1.50 for 50, $2 per 100, $15 per 1,000. 
Iceberg. This remarkable Blackberry is one of Luther 
Burbank’s productions. It succeeds admirably in 
this climate. The fruit is transparent white. The 
seeds, which are usually small, can be seen in the 
ripe berries. The fruit is borne in large clusters. 
The berries are of large size and good quality. The 
plant is an enormous bearer, and the fruit lasts 
through a long period. A desirable variety. Strong 
plants, 15 cts. each, $1 for 10, $3.50 for 50, $6 per 100. 
Mersereau. A most valuable variety. Fruit of im¬ 
mense size. An early and enormous bearer, and very 
hardy. A popular market sort. 10 cts. each, 75 cts. 
for 10, $2 for 50, $3 per 100, $22.50 per i.ooo. 
Rathbun. A strong and compact grower; heavy 
bearer. Fruit sweet and of high flavor. Seed small. 
A fine shipping sort. 10 cts. each, 50 cts. for 10, 
$1.50 for 50, $2 per 100, $15 per 1,000. 
CURRANTS 
These are only moderately successful in this lati¬ 
tude. They do best in a cool, strong, moist loam. 
Plants should be well cultivated and fertilized. 
Keep them mulched. Set the plants 4 feet apart. 
Prune out all old wood, leaving only vigorous shoots. 
EACH 
Strong, 2-year plants.$0 15 
10 strong, 2-year plants. 1 00 
50 strong, 2-year plants. 3 50 
100 strong, 2-year plants. 6 00 
Black Champion. Very productive; large bunch and 
berry. Excellent quality; strong grower. 
Victoria. Large, bright red bunches; long berries; 
medium to excellent quality; erect grower; pro¬ 
ductive; ripens late. 
DEWBERRIES 
Cultural Directions. —Use short, stout stakes, 
driven at the end of each row of canes, with a cross¬ 
piece 18 inches long nailed to each stake 2)4 to 3 
feet from the ground. On the top, near each end of 
these cross-pieces, drive a stout nail slanting toward 
the stake, upon which to catch a wire. Two lines of 
No. 14 galvanized wire, one on each side of the row, 
are fastened to one of the end stakes and run on the 
ground between the rows to the other end stake. 
These wires are now drawn as taut as possible and 
securely fastened to the other end of the row. The 
wire on each side is now raised, pressing the canes 
inward, and caught in the nails, thus holding all 
16 
