74 
Rebuild The Old Stave Silo 
A ny iron hooped, stave silo, if twisted, 
>• tipped or collapsed can be rebuilt into 
a beautiful new Craine 3-wall Silo at about 
half the cost of a new. 
A Craine Silo gives 3-wall protection 
against wind and weather. The strong stave 
wall surrounded by Crainelox Spiral Cover¬ 
ing with thick wall of Silafelt between, in¬ 
sures perfect silage and giant strength at 
every square inch of silo. 
Craine Silos are different from any silo you see. 
Their smooth exterior is unmarred by hoops or 
lugs. They are as strong as they are beautiful. 
When you choose the Craine you decide on per¬ 
manent satisfaction — the lowest yearly cost for 
silage making and keeping. 
Send for handsome, illustrated catalog 
Early orders earn extra discount 
CRAINE SILO CO. 
Box 120 Norwich, N. Y. 
REBinUXT 
thedUUKK 
WAV 
overwhelming values. My FACTORY 
PRICES, FREIGHT PREPAID, 
means enormous savings for you. 
Quality, as always, the best in the 
world, backed by my ironclad 
GUARANTEE. 
Direct from Factory 
FREIGHT PREPAID 
Yes, I pay the freight. You pay 
only factory prices—1 ship di- 
k from my 8 big factories 
at Cleveland, Ohio, Adrian, 
JUich., and Memphis,ITenn., 
warehouses at 
Kansas City, Mo., and 
y Davenport, Iowa. 
FDFE* My big new 
rlftt BARGAIN _ 
BOOK is ready. Hundreds of s^les of Brown’s Double w 
Galvanized, Basic Open Hearth Wire Fence and Double ’ 
, Galvanized Gates. Wonderful bargains in Steel Posts; Barb 
Wire; Asphalt Roofing; Wear Best Paints. Don’t miss these amazing 
ent-prices. ^nd postcard or letter for new BARGAIN BOOK today. 
JIM BROWN, President. 
THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO., Dept. 3014,Cleveland, Ohio 
“Received my order of fence 
promptly; am certainly well 
pleased with it. You saved 
me 10Yc per rod over local 
prices on woven Hog Fence 
and 76c per spool on barb wire 
niaking 968.43 saving in all.” 
E. D. MATHENY, 
Okolona, Miss. 
“The Wearbest Paint is more 
than satisfactory. I saved at 
least S60.00 in cost.” 
H. O. PEARCE. 
Brazil, Ind. 
xirinrseey/hsit 
/? (/rrjimBroim 
Has Bone To Prices 
At the International Livestock Show at Chicago, 
December, 1922, exhibits from CANADA were 
awarded the following prizes: 
Grand Championship and First Prize for Hard Red 
Spring Wheat. In this class Canadian exhibits won 19 
prizes out of a total of 25 awarded. 
Grand Championship and First prize for Oats, winning 
24 out of 35 prizes awarded. 
First, 2nd, 3rd and 4th prizes for Peas, winning 4 out 
of 5 prizes awarded. 
Grand Championship and First Prize for Rye; first 
prize for two-rowed Barley. 
Grand Championship and Sweepstakes for Clydesdale 
Senior Stallion; 1st prize for Clydesdale 4 and 6 horse 
teams; 1st prize for Clydesdale Mares 3 years and under. 
Championship for Galloway Steers; twelve 1st and 2nd 
prizes for Sheep. Many other prizes for Grains, Fod¬ 
ders and Live-stock. 
Cheap Land in Canada 
Which produces better grains, fodders and live stock than high priced 
lands elsewhere, and produces them more abundantly, may be the solutica 
of your farm problem. Get the facts, with free books, maps, etc., and an 
order for reduced railway rates, direct from the Canadian Government 
by writing 
Desk 56 
O. G. RUTLEDGE 
301 E. Genesee St. Syracuse, N. Y. 
la use 
over 
MINERAL'soiir. 
^COMPOUND 
Booklet 
Free.__ 
$3 Pkg. guaranteed to give satisfaction or money 
back. 81 Fkg. su^cient for ordinary cases. 
niNEBAl HEAVE REMEDY CO., 451 Fourth Aie., Pittsburg, Pa 
BARREN COWS„Sf.' 
CONTAGIOUS ABORTION 
Prevent this by using ABORNO. 
Easily administered by hypodermic syr¬ 
inge. Kills abortion germs quickly with¬ 
out harming cow. Write for bookletwith 
letters from users end full details 
of Money-Back Guarantee. 
-ABORNO LABORATORY 
11 Jeff St. Lancaster, Wis. 
American Agriculturist, January 27,19il^ 
Hand vs. Machine Milking 
Do Milking Machines Save Labor?--H, E, Babcock 
W E have used milking machines for 
three years. During that period 
we have had little opportunity to check 
them against hand labor until this year. 
Now we feel that we have a pretty 
definite test of the machine against 
hand labor. > 
Last year we began to milk a bunch 
of grade Holsteins three times a day. 
These cows were by themselves on a 
farm where we could accommodate only 
one milker. Not knowing just what a 
man could stand in the way of hand 
milking heavy-producing cows three 
times a day we 
had to feel out 
the situation. 
Accordingly we 
started off with 
twelve cows fed 
and milked at 5 
A. M., 1 P. M., 
and 8 P. M. 
Handled in this 
way the cows 
averaged sixty 
pounds apiece. 
For the first few 
weeks our man 
handled the job 
very well and 
took care o f 
some other stock 
besides. 
Then he be¬ 
gan to show 
signs of crack¬ 
ing. He over¬ 
slept, or he had a headache. Plainly 
he was overworking and undersleeping. 
From one cause or another about that 
time we lost three cows from the bunch, 
reducing the number to nine head. 
This number our man handled with¬ 
out difficulty, and with the few other 
chores he did and the exacting schedule 
of feeding and care to which we held 
him, nine cows were about all he 
could well care for, milking by hand 
three times a day. 
One Man, Eighteen Cows 
This fall we needed to produce more 
milk, so we started off with eighteen 
grade Holsteins, milked three times a 
day by one man using a milking ma¬ 
chine. So far—and we have now had 
a three months’ trial—we have found 
this combination practical. 
Our man uses one double unit ma¬ 
chine and with this machine be milks 
two cows while he strips two. Working 
in this way, it takes him no longer than 
it did last year to milk nine head by 
hand, and we are convinced that it does 
not take nearly so much out of him 
The cows are doing practically as well 
as last year, the entire herd having 
averaged 55 pounds a day production, 
and we have had no udder trouble. 
Strange as it may seem, with the 
fatigue of hand milking removed, the 
herdsman has been able to care for the 
other nine head, including feeding, 
grooming and stable cleaning, about as 
easily as he cared for the twelve head 
last year. 
Based on our experience to date, it 
would seem that one man using a milk¬ 
ing machine can milk and care for 
eighteen cows three times a day about 
as comfortably as he can milk nine 
head by hand. 
The Drawbacks 
The biggest practical objection to 
the machine, as we use it, comes from 
the loss of indjvdual production rec¬ 
ords. Without these the best feeding 
cannot be , done. It _ is true we might 
use single unit machines, but if we did, 
we could not handle so many cows. 
We, of course, get the figures on the 
herd production and make an occasional 
check-up on individuals, but on the 
whole, machine milking becomes whole¬ 
sale milking with the individual cow 
merged in the h6rd and her identity 
lost. And this, of course, is always 
objectionable. 
CLEAN MILK WITH A MILKING 
MACHINE 
I have read in the American Agri¬ 
culturist that Dean Cook uses a milk¬ 
ing machine in producing certified 
milk. We do not make certified milk, 
but we do keep our bacteria count below 
10,000 — oftentimes when our bottled 
milk is delivered the bacteria count 
is only 3,000 or 4,000—and we, too, use 
a machine. 
I don’t know what Dean Cook thinks 
about it, but from our experience we 
believe that altogether too much has 
been said of the comparative merits of 
machine and hand milking in obtaining 
a low bacteria count. If a machine is 
kept clean—and we know of no better 
way to keep it clean than to follow the 
advice of the College of Agriculture— 
it becomes an 
unimportant 
factor as far 
as bacteria 
count goes. 
The real crux 
of the clean 
milk question 
is a clean, dry 
utensil, and 
a quick and 
thorough cool¬ 
ing. If these 
last two essen¬ 
tials are kept in 
mind half—yes, 
two - thirds —■ of 
the precautions 
and rules and 
regulations for 
producing clean 
milk, could well 
be forgotten. 
In practice we 
strain our* milk directly from the ma¬ 
chine pails into 40-quart cans. These 
cans, after the usual washing and 
steaming, are always dried by invert¬ 
ing on a rack outdoors. As soon as a 
can is full, and in very hot weather be¬ 
fore it is full, it is set in a tank of ice 
water, and the milk is then occasion¬ 
ally stirred until cool. Later it is 
bottled and the cases of bottles im¬ 
mersed in tanks of ice water with 
cracked ice shoveled over the tops of 
the cases. 
Handled in this way, it is easy to 
deliver bottled milk with a bacteria 
count below 10,000. In fact, we have 
been doing it for three years now. 
COOLING TANKS THAT WASTE 
ICE 
Last winter, as usual, we filled two 
large ice houses with what we supposed 
would be ice enough to last us through 
the year,. Early this fall we woke up 
to the fact that our supply of ice was 
practically exhausted. 
When we began to buy and haul ice 
we soon found the expense and labor 
involved quite staggering. In our en¬ 
deavor to eliminate the possibility of 
such an expense again, we had almost 
decided to build another ice house, when 
a chance visitor called our attention 
to our cooling tanks. 
These were concrete vats sunk half¬ 
way in the ground, and with the rear 
side, a wall banked by earth after the 
manner of a bank barn. Apparently 
this sort cf arrangement made an ideal 
cpnduc^or of heat, the warm earth back 
of the wall keeping it warm all sum¬ 
mer in spite of our heroic and expen¬ 
sive efforts to keep it cool with ice on 
the other side. 
Previous experiences with concrete 
cooling tanks had been quite satisfac¬ 
tory, but none of these had been banked 
by earth. As soon as we discovered 
what was takxng the ice, we began to 
use wooden cooling tanks, and thereby 
cut our ice consumption by 50 per cent. 
Needless to say, we are through with 
concrete cooling tanks. 
Feeding Ewes—An open winter may 
lead sheepmen to allow their flocks 
to depend too piuch upon pasturage for 
maintenance. Do not overlook the fact 
that the ewes \yill soon be lambing and 
should be suific^iently nourished to in^ 
sure a proper ,milk flow. Supplement 
pasture with grain feed of corn, oats 
and bran. Ins the northern tier coun¬ 
ties two part4 buckwheat, three parts 
oats and one part bran or oil meal may 
be substituted., 
The kind of an udder to look for carried 
by a first prize winner at the New York 
State Pair. -Equally adapted to easy ma¬ 
chine or hand milking 
