190 
American Agriculturist, March 3,1923 
DO YOU NEED PAINT? 
THE INGERSOLL WAY OF DOING'BUSINESS 
FROM FACTORY 
OVER THE HEADS 
TO CONSUMER 
LOWEST PRICES TO ALL 
SPECIAL FAVORS TO NONE. 
^iBESlI^SSIBit QOAUTY 
PvOWEsr FOSSIRU PRICE. 
LET ME SEND YOU MY PAINT BOOK. It will tell you all you want to know about paint and paint¬ 
ing _ WHY SOME PAINTS chalk and fade or scale off in a short time and HOW TO OVERCOME these 
difficulties and secure Ihe BEST RESULTS at the LOWEST POSSIBLE COST. 
1 Can Save You One-Half 
Your Paint Bills 
In buying the INGERSOLL PAINTS, you pay ONLY THE FACTORY COST for the actual Paint fur¬ 
nished. YOU SAVE ALL MIDDLEMEN’S PROFITS. The Dealer or Supply House ^ 
Paint at our price, but THEY CAN NOT GIVE YOU OUR QUALITY OF PAINT AT OUR PR'CE . 
as they must charge you in ADDITION to the value of the Paint furnished, 
selling method end Aiiddlemen’s profits. Dealers can offer you low priced Paints ONLY AT THE eakeiv&e 
OF QUALITY OF PAINT FURNISHED. 
DON’T USE CHEAP PAINT offered by Dealers and Supply Houses. Any little saving made fi”t 
cost WILL BE LOST MANY TIMES OVER in the expense of FREQUENT REPAINTING. THE 
INGERSOLL PAINT will give you LONG YEARS of satisfactory service and LOOK WELL all the time. 
Ingersoll Mixed Paints 
have held the official endorsement of the 
Grange for 49 years 
We can refer you to pleased customers in your own neighborliood. We make it easy for you to buy 
paint direct from the mill. The book will fell you the quantity needed. The order will reach “s over¬ 
night, and the paint will be on the way to you in twenty-four hours. Let me send you my FREE 
DELIVERY PLAN. Send your address for a beautiful set of Sample Color Cards and our Paint Book. 
We mall them FREE. 
If You Want Paint, Write Me. Do It Now. I Can Save You Money 
O. W. INGERSOLL, Prop. 
The Oldest Ready-Mixed Paint House in America — Established 1842 
No. 2SS Plymouth St., Brooklyn, New York 
4 TIMES Around the World with ONE OILING 
100,000 Miles Without Stopping for Oil 
An inventor who could develop an automobile, a railroad car or any 
other conveyance on wheels which would perform such a feat would 
be considered a wonder. But such is the record of regular 
accomplishment by the Auto-oiled Aermotor during the past 
eight years in pumping water, 
f —^ Did you ever stop to think how many revolutions the wheel 
of a windmill makes? If the wheel of an Aermotor should r 9 ll along the surface 
of the ground at the same speed that it makes when pumping water it would 
encircle the world in 90 days, or would go four times around m a year. It would 
travel on an average 275 miles per day or about 30 miles per hour for 9 hoims each 
day. An automobile which keeps up that pace day after day needs a thorough 
oiling at least once a week. Isn’t it marvelous, then, that a ynndmill has been 
made which will go 50 times as long as the best automobile with one oiling? 
- - The Auto-oiled Aermotor after 8 full years of se^ice in every 
part of the world has proven its ability to run and give the most reliable se^ice 
with one oiling a year. The double gears, and all moving parts, are entirely 
enclosed and flooded with oil all the time. It gives more service wiA ‘ess attention than 
any other piece of machinery on the farm. To get everlasting wind-mdi satisfaction buy the 
Auto-oiled Aermotor, the most efScient windmill that has ever been made. 
AERMOTOR CO. gSaW SSg” 
Tty This Omcrete Mixer 
P OST yourself—investigate—find out now about this handy 
concrete mixer for farm use. Before you go through the 
drudgery of mixing concrete with a shovel, send for a Kwlk- 
Mixon30 Days Free Trial. Mixingconcrete with a Kwik-Mix 
Is so simple, easy and cheap you can afford many Improve¬ 
ments on your farm. Our 100-page free book shows complete 
plans for water troughs, fence posts, 
feeding floors, garages, storagecellars, 
etc. Tells how to do concreting your¬ 
self, saving contractors profits. You 
can also make big money concreting 
for neighbors in spare time. 
Thousands of satisfied customers 
praise the Kwik-Mix. Mixes a wheel¬ 
barrowful a minute. Costs only $38, 
yet mixes as well as a $300 mixer. All 
steelconstruction. Throw a leverand 
finished mixture la dumped into wheelbar- 
row or directly Into form Any small engine 
runs it. Fully guaranteed. Writ© today — 
“For Free Book. ‘Concrete on the Farm* 
also Kwik-Mix Catalog and full partieulara*'* 
KwmMix 
30 days 
FREE 
After Trial 
Balance Monthly 
I Two Books Free 
lOO-Pagc Book ''Concreic on 
the Farm" tells how to make 
ibingsof concrete- many plans 
and pictures. Also catalog 
1 Kwik-Mix Concrete Mix- 
1 ers Both free —write today 
Kwik-Mix Concrete Mixer Co. 
1026 Cleveland Ave. Milwaukee, Wis. 
You can be quickly cured, if you 
k 
m Send 10 cents for .'SS-page book on Stammering and 
a Stuttering. “Its Cruse and Cure.” It tells how I 
!■ cured mvself after stammering 20 yrs. B. N. Bogue, 
g Slot Bogue Bldg.t Ii47 N. III. St., lodiaoapolU. 
'STAMMER 
Paints and Brushes 
Pennies Invested Yield Dollars in Appearances 
By K. J. T. EKBLAW 
UBAM 
Evary farmer sboold kiow 
aboat Hubam. Oar seed recleaDed . 
and certified, absolutely dejiendaWe. 
Prices lowest yet. Write for FREE * 
SAMPLES and 116-page catalog 
scribing this wonderful crop, .We 
_ _carry a complete stock of ail sec da. '*■ _ 
57 A, Seed 6 q„ Box $l^!a«riowa 
T WO first-class rea¬ 
sons for using paint 
are, first, that it is a splendid preserva¬ 
tive, and second, it is a great factor in 
improving the appearance of anything 
to which it is applied. With the 
ent high price of wood, and the diffi¬ 
culty of obtaining it, behooves the 
owner of buildings, if he is possessed 
of business sense and shrewdness, to 
keep his (buildings well painted. In 
spite of the fact that paint is the best 
life insurance for wood and often for 
metals, one can see from one end of 
the country to the other farmstead 
after farmstead dilapidated in appear¬ 
ance, and machine after machine suc¬ 
cumbing to rust. 
The expert painter is presumed to 
know everything connected with_ the 
subject of paint, from its composition 
and manufacture to the best methods 
of application to all kinds of wood under 
every varying condition. Such pro¬ 
ficiency is commendable in one who 
makes painting his business, but an or¬ 
dinary person should be satisfied to 
know how to take care of his brush, 
what kind of paint to use, how and 
when to apply it. 
The Care of the Brush 
Brushes and their care are really 
worthy of very careful consideption. 
The man who sells brushes will tell 
you that good brushes are very hard 
to obtain. You will find out for your¬ 
self, when you come to buy them, that 
they are quite expensive. The amateur 
painter need not buy an expensive out¬ 
fit to handle his job, however, for about 
all that he needs, other than the brush, 
is the paint, its container and a ladder 
high enough to reach the highest point 
to be painted. Consequently one can 
buy good brushes with a clear consci¬ 
ence. 
The best brushes have bristles 5 or 
6-inches long, which of course is really 
longer than is necessary, but the ends 
will gradually wear off as the brush is 
used. In order to protect the base of 
the bristles, when the brush is new, it 
should be “bridled,” or wound with 
stout cord as far from the base as 
necessary, securing the ends of the 
cord by tacking to the brush head. For 
painting small surfaces such as window 
sash, narrow trim, and the like, a small- 
round brush is used about one-inch 
in diameter, with chisel point. Special 
brushes are used for varnish; these are 
oval or flat and are narrower and 
shorter than regular ^ paint brushes. 
Whitewash and calcimine brushes are 
made 7 or 8-inches wide in order to do 
rapid work, for these coatings are not 
to be worked into the wood, but are 
simply laid over the surface. ^ 
Some brushes have the bristles set 
in glue, others in cement, and still 
others, of the best manufacture, in rub¬ 
ber. Glue set brushes of course should 
never be left .standing in water, nor 
should the cement set brushes be placed 
in a mixture containing alcohol, such 
as shellac. Glue set brushes are used 
in shellac or varnish, while paint 
brushes are- usually cement or rubber 
set. 
To Get the Most Out of a Brush 
In order to get the best efficiency out 
of a brush it should be kept absolutely 
clean when not being used. For an 
over-night interval a complete cleaning 
out of the brush is not necessary. All 
that is required is to wrap the brush 
with several layers of thick paper or 
place it in water so as to keep the paint 
from drying out. To clean the brush 
thoroughly, kerosene should be used* 
after which it is dipped in gasoline or 
benzine, then the brush is washed with 
soap and water and well shaken out to 
remove as much water as possible, after 
which it is put in a place where it will 
dry and collect no dust. If a good 
brush has been allowed to dry full of 
paint, it can be cleaned fairly well by 
soaking the bristles for a day or two 
in a paste made of water and washing 
powder, and then rinsing it well in 
clear hot water. Sometimes just as 
good a job can be done by soaking it 
in turpentine or dilute ammonia for 
several hours, then washing thoroughly 
in soap suds. 
The bristles of a 
new brush should not 
be wetted before using. However, it 
is desirable to swell the head by plac¬ 
ing the brush, handle down, in water 
deep enough to cover a point just be¬ 
low where the bristles emerge from the 
binding. No bristle brush should ever 
be used in a solution containing lime, 
for it is very destructive. Every new 
brush will shed a few bristles, but gen¬ 
erally these are loose ones which have 
not been well bound in, but if the 
shedding continues, a very little hot 
water poured into the middle of the 
bristles will cause the head to swell and 
bind the bristles in. 
Shall I Buy or Mix? 
The question is very often asked— 
“Is it cheaper to buy ready mixed paint 
or to buy the materials and do your 
own mixing?” The chief disadvantage 
in home mixing of paints is the work 
involved because if the paints are to be 
good they must be very thoroughly 
mixed, and the hand mixing is very 
arduous. 
Perhaps the paint that is most com¬ 
monly made at home, is the ordinary 
white paint used on dwellings. It is a 
mixture of a white pigment, usually 
white lead or zinc, or a combination of 
the two, with linseed oil. By including 
various pigments, in different propor¬ 
tions, an almost infinite variety of 
colors can be secured. 
The most common vehicle used in the 
manufacture of paints is linseed oil, 
and it may be either raw or boiled. 
Boiled oil dries rather quickly, _ which 
makes it advantageous for use in out¬ 
side work. For the interior, raw oil 
is more suitable, though it takes two or 
three times as long for it to dry as the 
boiled oil. When linseed oil is spread 
out in a thin layer it gradually hardens 
and a thin film first forms on the out¬ 
side, which thickens until a firm layer 
of varnish-like material finally develops. 
In this it is different from most other 
oils, which either disappear or form 
sticky coatings. This hardening quality, 
possessed by linseed oil to a great de¬ 
gree, and to a less degree by a few 
other oils, is known as drying. It is 
not drying in the sense of watei*^ dry¬ 
ing by evaporation, but instead is an 
oxidation or absorption of oxygen, and 
is a real chemical change rather than 
a physical one. Certain materials will 
hasten drying and these may be added 
to the paint when it is desired to get 
quicker results. Not more than 10 per 
cent of dryer should be added, however. 
Making the Application 
In painting new wood, several coats 
should be applied, the first called the 
priming coat, consisting usually of 
equal volumes of linseed oil and white 
lead, with a little dryer. Some wood, 
such as cypress or hard pine, contains 
a resinous material which prevents the 
paint from sticking readily. To obviate 
this difficulty, a little turpentine or 
benzine is mixed with the paint to cut 
the resin. The wood, of course, should 
be dry because if it contains an undue 
amount of moisture it will boil out 
and cause the paint to blister or scale, 
off. After the priming coat has been 
applied, all knots and sap spots should 
be covered with shellac so that the sub¬ 
sequent coat will adhere well. On new 
work at least two more coats should 
be applied. On old work, it is pretty 
difficult to get a good job done with 
a single coat; two coats are much bet¬ 
ter and will last more than twice as 
long as a single coat. 
The value of an occasional _ coat oi 
paint applied to farm machinery is 
too often overlooked. Painting metal 
is not difficult except in the case of 
tin or galvanized iron, both of which 
materials are manufactured in such 
a way as to leave a greasy coat upon 
them, which prevents the paint froin 
adhering. Scrubbing the surface with 
hot water and soap or with benzine 
or gasoline will remove this grease, 
but it should be dried well before paint 
is applied. When ordinary farm ma¬ 
chinery is to be painted they should he 
very thoroughly gone over so as to I’O' 
move every trace of oil, grease or 
rust, if necessary scraping down to the 
I 
