American Agriculturist, March 3,1923 
19(5 
/ spent SO 
years in perfect¬ 
ing this Tonic. 
Gilbeet Hess 
M.D.. D.V.S_. 
Spring is Here 
All out-of-doors is filled with the bleat of 
the lamb, the bawl of the calf, the grunt of 
the pig, and the whinny of the colt. 
Youth asserting itself everywhere! 
Keep their bodies healthy, and stomachs full. 
You can then count on good growth—quick 
development—and begin to casli in on them 
before the summer-end. 
Let 
DR. HESS STOCK TONIC 
be your insurance policy 
against disease, insurance of good appetite, 
good digestion. It keeps the worms away. 
Then, there are the mothers: 
Your COWS need it for its system-toning, 
bowel-cleansing, appetizing effects. Puts them 
in fine condition for calving. 
Your BROOD SOWS will be relieved of con¬ 
stipation and put in fine fettle for farrowing. 
Excellent for MARES in foal—and EWES 
at lambing time. 
It makes for good appetite, and more milk 
to nourish the offspring. 
Tell your dealer what stock you have. He 
has a package to suit. GUARANTEED. 
25 lb. Pail, $2.25 100 lb. Drum, $8.00 
Except in the far West, South and Canada. 
Honest goods—honest price—why pay more? 
DR. HESS & CLARK Ashland, O. 
POULTRY RATIONS 
fQioum Ingredients oP I^ourn Quali^ 
in I^ozan Proportions 
The rations are mixed according to formulas approved by the poultry 
feeding specialists at the colleges of agriculture in the territory served 
by the G. L. P. 
Poultrymen appreciate the following points about G. L. F. Rations 
1. —A larger variety of ingredients in each ration 3.—Each ration is high in digestible nutrients 
than is usually availahle in your locality. and the fiber content is low. 
2. — The quality of the Ingredients and the pounds 4.'—Dried milks are used and the pounds of ani- 
of each ingredient used are stated. mal proteins are high. 
See your local G. L. F. Agent or write for booklet of the formulas 
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$6.95 Hot Water 140-Cblelc$f 096 
Brooder — Beth for only lO— 
Express Prepaid 
East of the Rockies and allowed to points beyond. 
With this Guaranteed Hatching Outfit and my 
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Or write for Free Poultry Book. 
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'Belle City Incubator Co. 
Box 147 Racine. Wis. 
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Free Roofing Book 
Get our wonderfully 
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<o. 162 
LOW PRICED GARAGES 
Lowest prices on Ready-Made 
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up any place. Send postal for 
Garage Book, showing styles. 
THE EDWARDS MFC. CO. 
212 - 2 C 2 Pike St. Cincinnati, 0. 
How I Raise Baby Chicks 
Factors That Bear on the Success of the Business 
A nother year has By c. s. 
passed, and with 
the opening of the spring season there 
arises in the heart of every real poul- 
tryman or woman a desire to see and 
own a flock of little chicks, and really 
there is no more beautiful sight on a 
farm than a flock of well-hatched, 
thrifty chicks as they scamper about 
the houses and yards or bask in the 
bright, warm rays of the glorious 
spring sunshine. Even on our general 
farms poultry is becoming more and 
more an important source of pleasure 
and profit when some one of the farm¬ 
er’s family takes an interest in the 
work keeping good, pure-bred stock and 
using modern methods of care and 
management. 
In raising chicks, of course, the first 
consideration is to have good breeding 
stock and care for them in such a man¬ 
ner that the eggs will be fertile, and, 
with proper treatment, hatch strong, 
healthy chicks. We have found that 
feeding heavily of wet mash or green 
cut bone tends to lower the percentage 
of fertility. Too close confinement of 
the breeders is another common cause 
for infertility. Eggs laid by hens kept 
GREENE easily acquired and 
very hard to con¬ 
trol after a few nights, or even one 
night may be long enough to cause 
much damage to the chicks. The prin¬ 
cipal causes for crowding, are putting 
too many chicks in one brooder and 
insufficient heat. Many brooders are 
rated by the manufacturers to hold 
more chicks than they can accommo¬ 
date successfully. As a rule, a me¬ 
dium-sized stove and hover will accom¬ 
modate about 300 chicks. If the condi¬ 
tions are very favorable and the brood¬ 
er is placed in a colony house at least 
9 X 12 feet, as high as 400 chicks may 
be placed in it with good chances for 
success, but we do not approve of try¬ 
ing to raise any larger number in one 
brooder. This number must be de¬ 
creased when the chicks are six weeks 
old or less, which is usually done by 
removing the broilers and fattening 
them up in separate quarters. 
In cold weather, we start the brood¬ 
ers about two days before we put in 
the chicks, and heat them up to about 
95 degrees F., with the thermometer 
near the edge of the hover and about 
two inches from the floor, as this is 
Well grown, healthy, vigorous young stock means half the game in the 
poultry business 
under artificial lights have hatched 
very unsatisfactory with us. So much 
so, that we would not hatch_ eggs from 
hens under lights except in extreme 
cases where no other eggs could be ob¬ 
tained, or when lights are used only a 
short time each morning or evening. 
We do not say that it is impossible 
to obtain good fertile eggs from hens 
under lights, but we do say that on 
most farms where lights are used the 
fertility has been running very low. 
After we have succeeded in getting 
good eggs, the incubation is a very sim¬ 
ple operation, comparatively speaking, 
and the best advice we can give is to 
follow the incubator manufacturer’s 
directions until some improvements can 
be suggested by experience. 
Brooding an important Factor 
A great deal depends upon the brood¬ 
er when it comes to raising chicks suc¬ 
cessfully and the coal-heated colony 
brooder has been a great help to the 
commercial poultryman or anyone rais¬ 
ing 300 or more chicks each season. It 
is the best method of brooding chicks 
that we have ever tried. A brooder 
should be selected which has automatic 
control of drafts by a sensitive thermo¬ 
stat, and there should be sufficient room 
in the stove for coal enough to last 24 
hours at least. We prefer stoves with 
both top and bottom drafts regulated 
by the thermostats instead of top drafts 
only. This gives greater uniformity 
of heat with less danger of the fire 
going out in damp, muggy weather. No 
curtain is necessary around the hover 
if the brooder is placed in a colony 
house of the proper size. With the 
present shortage of coal fit to use in 
incubators and brooders, we may be 
compelled to use oil more and more for 
heating purposes. 
Probably one of the greatest difficul¬ 
ties in raising chicks in brooders is 
their natural tendency to huddle or 
crowd v/hen kept in fairly large-sized 
flocks. This danger is increased with 
the size of the flocks and must be avoid¬ 
ed from the beginning, as the habit is 
near the proper place for the chicks 
Then, when the chicks are placed in thi 
brooder, they will naturally furnish a 
little extra heat from their bodies, so 
the temperature will be about right, 
Sand on Brooder House Floor 
When the fire is started we place 
about two or three bushels of dry sand 
or earth on the floor around the stove, 
and let it warm up and dry out with 
the brooder. When thoroughly dry 
and warm, this sand is spread over 
the floor at least half an inch thick and 
covered with cut straw, or hay, or hay¬ 
seed, which usually collect on the barn 
floor, where hay is kept and fed to 
cattle. The thickness of this hay or 
straw which covers the sand on the 
floor is from one to two inches, as it 
is very important that enough should 
be used to thoroughly cover the sand 
and that it should extend out from the 
brooder as far as the chicks are al¬ 
lowed to run. 
At first, a wire fence about a foot 
high should be placed around the 
brooder about 18 inches from the hover 
to keep the chicks from wandering too 
far from the source of heat until they 
learn where to go when they get cold. 
This fence should be moved back grad¬ 
ually until the chicks are from one to 
two weeks old, when it can be removed 
entirely. When chicks are properly 
trained from the stai't, there is much 
less trouble with them later than when 
allowed to stand around and peep and 
bunch up in corners for the lack of 
attention on the part of the attendant. 
I believe that fully one-third of the 
troubles which usually come to a pei’son 
who I'aises chicks artificially are caused 
either directly or indirectly by chilhngi 
so the proper temperature of the brood¬ 
er is of the utmost importance. 
A brooder need not be located m a 
very large high room where there are 
drafts of cold air, as it is almost ira- 
possible to control the temperatui’e ot 
a large room in cold weather. The ideal 
place for a coal-burning colony brooder 
and 300 chicks is in a, colony house 
