'422 
American Agriculturist, May 12,1923 
PODLTRy RATIONS 
/(flown Ingredients of /(hocun duality 
in /^own Proportions 
Poultry Feeding 
^ specialists at the colleges 
of agriculture in the 
tenitory served by the 
Cooperative Grange League 
Federation have approved 
the formulas of G.L.F. Rations. 
Practical Poultrymen 
^ using the rations the year around 
report excellent results. 
Feed G.L.F. Rations and 
you will know just what your 
birds are eating. 
See your G.L.F. Agent or write 
for booklet of formulas. 
The Coop. G.L.F. Exchange, Inc. 
SyTKDse, New York 
Five Distinctive Features: 
1. G.L.F. Poultry rations contain ' 
a larger variety of ingredients than 
is usually available in your locality. 
2. The quality of the ingredients 
and the pounds of each are stated. 
3. The digestible nutrients in each 
ration are high and the fibre con¬ 
tent is low. 
4. Dried buttermilk and dried 
skimmed milk are used and the 
animal proteins are high. 
5. Accurately operated mechanical 
mixtures make a thoroughly 
■lized and uniform ration. 
4 TIMES Around the World with ONE OILING 
100,000 Miles Without Stopping for Oil 
An inventor who could develop an automobile, a railroad car or any 
ortier conveyance on wheels which would perform such a feat would 
be considered a wonder. But such is the record of regular 
accomplishment by the Auto-oiled Aermotor during the past 
eight years in pumping water. 
Did you ever stop to think how many revolutions the wheel 
of a windmill makes? If the wheel of an Aermotor should roll along the surface 
of the ground at the same speed that it makes when pumping water it would 
y encircle the world in 90 days, or would go four times around in a year. It would 
'■ travel on an average 275 miles per day or about 30 miles per hour for 9 hours each 
day. An automobile which keeps up that pace day after day needs a thorough 
oiling at least once a week. Isn’t it marvelous, then, that a windmill has been 
made which will go 50 times as long as the best automobile with one oiling? 
The Auto-oiled Aermotor after 8 full years of service in every 
part of the world has proven its ability to run and give the most reliable service 
with one oiling a year. The double gears, and all moving parts, are entirely 
enclosed and flooded with oil all the time. It gives more service with less attention than 
any other piece of machinery on the farm. To get everlasting wind-miii satisfaction buy the 
Auto-oiled Aermotor, the most efBcient windmill that has ever been made. 
For full infor- A l?'R1|/VillT'41l'R 4^ A Chicago Dallas Des Moines 
motion write Kansas City Minneapolis Oahland 
$500 
YOURS 
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-WILL PAY THE SUM SET OPPOSITE SUCH LOSS FOR LOSS OF- 
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Both Hands.Five Hundred Dollars 
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Sight of Both Eyes.Five Hundred Dollars 
One Hand and One Foot. . . . . . Five Hundred Dollars 
One Hand and Sight of One Eye.Five Hundred Dollars 
One Foot and Sight of One Eye.Five Hundred Dollars 
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SEND ONLY TWO YEARLY SUBSCRIPTIONS 
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MAYFIELD, KY. 
Too Few Nests 
One of the Reasons for Hens Becoming Egg-Eaters 
S OME time ago I 
visited the poultry 
farm of an acquaintance of mine. This 
consists of half a dozen buildings; the 
larger ones of which are divided into 
compartments. The old hens are in 
pens by themselves, as are also the lay¬ 
ing pullets. Those that have not yet 
reached the laying age are in another 
building and then there is also a place 
for the breeders, roosters and hens. 
I could see at a glance that every¬ 
thing was in first class order. The 
floor was covered with clean litter into 
which every grain of feed was thrown, 
thereby making the hens scratch; thei’e 
was a finely balanced dry mash in the 
hoppers, there was grit, shells, char¬ 
coal, each at its proper place and there 
was good fresh water in the different 
fountains. In short, there was nothing 
that I could have done better or im¬ 
proved by rearrangements or changes. 
While I was taking note of the various 
equipment and their contents, I had 
been watching sharply for nests. Not 
a single one could I see. Finally, for 
I knew they were laying quite well at 
the time, 1 was forced to ask: “Where 
are the nests? I know they are lay¬ 
ing and yet there are no nests in the 
buildings?” 
Then even just as the owner was 
starting to point them out to me I per¬ 
ceived them hidden cunningly under 
the roosts. This in itself was good, if 
only the number had been doubled. 
How much better it would have been. 
I started to count the nests. There 
wei'e a dozen, yes, about a dozen to a 
pen, this makes about six dozen nests 
in all for about 600 hens. 
Few Nests Well Patronized 
Then we went and lifted the board 
which hid the nests and I saw that 
most of the eggs were laid in a few 
nests. In each pen I found the same 
condition. The eggs were laid in a few 
of the nests. Seeing a china nest egg, 
I asked “Have you nest eggs.” “Yes, 
for some of the nests,” he answered. 
Most of the nests wei’e not made as I 
would have made them. The hay was 
not padded and smoothed in the beauti¬ 
ful, cozy and inviting fashion which a 
hen likes and which makes her gurgle 
and nestle and snuggle with satisfac¬ 
tion. Other nests did not have enough 
hay, some was so fine in a few that it 
invited scratching on the part of in¬ 
quisitive young pullets. Many others 
were almost bare. 
After I reached my home I thought 
a long time about what I had seen. 
The chickens, as a breed, were all that 
could be desired, for they were all bred 
after the most up-to-date methods of 
selection and breeding, the equipment 
was of the very finest, the attention 
was all that could be desired and yet 
these beautiful White Leghorns had the 
reputation all during last winter of 
being egg eaters. At least I blamed 
this bad babit on the small number of 
nests, oh the bad condition of most of 
them and on the few nest eggs. 
When the Pullet Starts 
When a pullet feels the time ap¬ 
proaching for the laying of her first 
egg, she spends part of the preceding 
day, or two of them, in investigation. 
We commonly say “She’s hunting a 
nest.” I need not go into details about 
this, for everybody has seen it. It is 
a very pretty and pleasing sight. Then, 
she always wants to and expects to 
lay in this nest, her first love, every 
time. 
How indignantly she looks and eyes 
her nest when she comes the next day 
to lay her egg if she finds it occupied 
by one or two or more of her sisters. 
She, if she is timid, will patiently wait 
her turn, but if she is of a pugnacious 
disposition she will try to forcibly take 
possession of her property. Many 
times a nest is filled with as many hens 
as can find a hold to cling thereto. All 
this results in crowding, suffocation, 
fighting—broken eggs in the nest and 
out because eggs laid in a crowded 
nest often fall outside and are broken. 
It also results in egg suppression. This 
is not good for the hen and causes 
fewer eggs or it causes the egg to be 
deposited on the floor or in a strange 
nest which also affects the hen badly. 
If nest eggs are be¬ 
ing used, see that every 
nest has one. If some nests are made 
beautiful and inviting, make all nests 
that way. If the material has become 
fine in some nests, remove it and re¬ 
place it with some of the right kind. 
Then and only then will each nest 
stand an equal chance of being used 
and being the repository of the things 
we like to find. Let there be enough 
nests. Even if the nests are so small- 
only large _ enough for a hen to turn 
around in it—^as they can possibly be, 
there will always be room enough for 
one or two others to try and crowd in. 
Let nothing worry or excite the hen or 
stay the singing of her laying song and 
there will be no losses caused by sup¬ 
pression, by broken eggs or egg eaters. 
Nitrogen—Organic or 
Mineral ? 
{Conthmed from page 419) 
the former was only about half as mueli 
as in the latter.- 
The highest percentage , of nitrogen 
recovered from the nitrate cylinders 
was from the 40 per cent sand mixture, 
62.05 per cent nitrogen. In the case of 
dried blood it was the 20 per cent sand 
mixture, returning 47.65 per cent of 
the nitrogen. The lowest recovery for 
both sources was in the 100 pure sand 
cylinder—25.49 per cent for nitrate and 
36.41 for dried blood, * 
. The yield of dry matter in all series 
but 100 per cent sand was greater from 
the nitrate-treated cylinders than from 
those which received the dried blood. 
Likewise, nitrate surpassed dried blood’ 
in the proportion of nitrogen recovered 
up to the same point with the exception 
of the 80 per cent sand, where the latter 
has a very slight, practically negligible, 
advantage. 
Plants Took Up More Nitrogen From 
Nitrate of Soda 
It is significant that nitrate of soda 
showed an average annual recovery of 
47 per cent in the 80 and 90 per cent 
sand mixtures, and that for the 90 per 
cent sand mixture it exceeds dried 
blood by 5 per cent. It suggests that 
even in quite sandy soil the nitrate may 
be used to as good advantage as the 
organic sources of nitrogen if crops are 
kept on the land to utilize the nitrogen 
fully. 
The danger of loss of nitrate of ?oda 
through leaching, therefore, does not 
appear to be so great as is commonly 
believed. Its great advantage seems to 
lie in its easy availability, and con¬ 
sequently the quick start which it 
gives the plant. 
In reporting the results of the ex¬ 
periment, Dr. J. G. Lipman and Prof. 
A. W. Blair, under whose direction the 
work has been carried out, say: 
“The reason for the superiority of 
the nitrate over the blood seems to be 
its ability to give the plant a good 
start during its early growth. With 
such a start it is able better to utilize 
soil moisture and the natural plant-food 
of the soil than the plant which, on 
account of having a slowly available 
source of nitrogen, gets a slow start. 
This interpretation seems to be borne 
out by the fact that in some cases the 
check cylinders gave a larger residual 
crop than the nitrate cylinders, 
“It has been quite common to regard 
the organic sources of nitrogen as 
having a more permanent and lasting 
effect than the mineral sources, the 
latter having been regarded as subject 
to rather rapid loss through leaching. 
The results of this experiment do not 
bear out this idea, except in the case of 
soils which are almost pure sand. It 
would appear that the young growing 
plant rapidly utilizes the nitrogen of 
soluble nitrates and thus forges ahead 
of the plant which is depending upon 
sources not so readily available. It is 
possible that during the transforma¬ 
tions of the nitrogen of these slowly 
available materials into soluble forms 
there is considerable loss.’”*' 
*From the Annual Report of the 
New Jersey Agricultural Experiment 
Station, for 1921. 
By R. I. WEIGLEY 
