between the Central and Mississippi Flyways. More than half of the 
recoveries in the United States from bandings in Saskatchewan were 
in the Mississippi Flyway, about a third were in the Central Flyway, 
and only a few were in the Pacific and Atlantic Flyways. 
The distribution of recoveries from bandings in the Prairie 
Provinces suggested that along any given longitude ducks produced 
farther north tended to be harvested farther to the east than ducks 
produced farther south. This was illustrated by a comparison of 
Alberta strata 27 and 28; Saskatchewan strata 21 and 23; and 
Saskatchewan strata 22 and 20 (fig. 1 and table 1). In each case, 
the proportion of recoveries from the northern stratum was highest 
in the Mississippi Flyway and lowest in the Central and Pacific 
Flyways. 
Recoveries from bandings within the United States indicated 
that more than half of the ducks produced in the various States were 
harvested in the State of origin and that more than 90 percent were 
harvested in the flyway of origin. In the Pacific Flyway more than 
90 percent of the recoveries were in the State of banding and for 
all practical purposes, recoveries may be considered to have occurred 
entirely within the Flyway. Only the Central Flyway States of North 
and South Dakota contributed a significant number of mallards to the 
harvest in another flyway. 
Gadwalls 
Recoveries from only a few scattered banding locations were 
available for gadwalls (tables 2 and 12)„ Distribution from bandings 
in California, Oregon, and Washington show that most of the kill of 
birds produced in these areas was in the Pacific Flyway. Almost 
half of the recoveries from bandings in Alberta were in Canada, but 
of those in the United States, about half were in the Central Flyway 
and the remainder were divided between the Mississippi and Pacific 
Flyways. Gadwalls from Saskatchewan contributed very little to the 
harvest in the Pacific Flyway. Birds from this Province, together 
with those from the Dakotas, contributed primarily to the kill in 
the Central and Mississippi Flyways. Manitoba and Minnesota supplied 
birds mostly to the Mississippi Flyway although a significant pro¬ 
portion (39 percent and 18 percent) of birds produced in both areas 
was shot in Canada. A few gadwalls were recovered south of the 
United States, but Latin American harvest areas were important only 
for gadwalls banded in Nebraska (13 percent) and Utah (10 percent). 
Recoveries from bandings in Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the Dakotas 
were scattered from Maryland to Florida in the Atlantic Flyway, but 
in each locality the number of recoveries was small and did not point 
to any clear pattern of entry into the Flyway. 
4 
