Redheads 
The distribution of banding effort for redheads differed from 
that for other species in that most banded populations were in the 
United States rather than in the Canadian Prairie Provinces. Approx¬ 
imately 70 percent of recoveries were from bandings in California, 
Minnesota, Nevada, and Utah, and less than 20 percent were from 
bandings in Canada (tables 8 and 17). 
Despite the southern distribution of bandings, recoveries were 
widespread compared with the distribution of other species. Redhead 
bandings in British Columbia, California, Utah, and Nevada have pro¬ 
duced more recoveries in the Central Flyway (6 to 15 percent) than 
for other species. The tendency toward an eastward distribution of 
recoveries was apparent also from bandings in Alberta. Although most 
species in Alberta were strongly oriented toward the Pacific Flyway, 
only 4 percent of the Alberta redheads were recovered in the Pacific 
Flyway and 50 percent were taken in the Central and Mississippi 
Flyways. No redheads banded in Saskatchewan have been recovered in 
the Pacific Flyway. Redheads were taken in all States of the Central 
and Mississippi Flyways, but hunters in Texas, Minnesota, and Michigan 
shot a much larger proportion of banded redheads than did hunters in 
other States. 
Canvasbacks 
The kill pattern of canvasbacks showed a wide distribution of 
birds from all production areas (tables 9 and 18). Most canvasbacks 
produced in Alaska were shot in the Pacific Flyway but an important 
segment (6 percent) was also taken in the Atlantic Flyway. None 
banded in Alaska were shot in the Central or Mississippi Flyways. 
The recovery distribution of canvasbacks from British Columbia was 
almost identical to that from Alaska. The proportion of canvasbacks 
from Alberta that was recovered in the Atlantic Flyway was similar 
to that for Alaska and British Columbia, but an important segment of 
the recoveries from Alberta bandings (20 percent) was in the Central 
and Mississippi Flyways. The proportion of recoveries in the 
Atlantic, Central, and Mississippi Flyways continued to increase for 
bandings eastward from Alberta, approximately corresponding to a 
decrease of recoveries in the Pacific Flyway. Bandings in Manitoba, 
the Dakotas, and Minnesota have produced no recoveries in the Pacific 
Flyway, but these areas contributed substantially to the harvest in 
the Atlantic Flyway. 
The proportion of recoveries in Canada from canvasbacks banded 
in Canada was relatively high, varying from 16 percent for those 
banded in British Columbia to 40 percent for those banded in Manitoba. 
Relatively few banded canvasbacks have been shot in countries south 
of the United States. 
7 
