HARUISON’IS NURSERIES, BERLIN, MD. 
3 
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‘‘From labor cometh rest.” Noth- . 
ing worth the having is to he had > 
for nothing. It may not seem work 
to keep up a good orchard, but it 
will bring its own reward. 
Prune fruit trees, as too large and 
too thick heads are to be avoided. 
PRUNING. 
We recommend the greatest care and moderation in this operation, believing, as we do, that upon the 
whole there is more injury done by the use of pruning instruments in unskillful, hands than would result 
from its entire neglect. Some of the objects sought are to diminish the thick growth, to increase the 
vigor of the branches, to admit light and air, and to form a well- 
shaped top. We are opposed to the too common practice of trim- ) 
ming up trees as high as a man’s head, leaving a long, naked V 
stem exposed to the ravages of insects and the deleterious effects 
of sun and wind, as well as other sudden and extreme changes 
of the atmosphere. If a tree be allowed to branch near the 
ground, its danger from these ill’s will be lessened, and it will 
grow much stronger and faster, bear more fruit, which will be 
more easily gathered, less liable to be blown down, and, we may add, better in every way. If watched 
closely when young and growing, it will never become necessary to take off large limbs. Occasional 
pinching or cropping off of the ends of the branches to give the tree the proper shape, and removing 
those that cross or crowd each other, will be all that will be 
needed by most trees. Peach trees would be greatly benefited 
by an annual shortening-in of the branches, say one-half of the 
previous year’s growth. This maybe done at any time after the 
fall of the leaf until the buds commence swelling in the spring. 
Dwarf pears also need careful attention annually, to keep them 
in shape, by cutting back the rampant and straggling shoots. They should be pruned down instead of u& 
never allowing them to grow high, or the top will become too heavy for the roots and increase the danger 
of blowing down. 
CULTIVATING. 
When the transplanting is finished many persons are under the impression that their work is done, 
and they can do nothing more for the tree. But this is a very mistaken idea.. It is a very important 
matter to have th.em well planted, but doubly important to have them well cultivated afterwards. Envel¬ 
oped in weeds and grass, what plant can flourish? What farmer would think for an instant of raising a 
crop of Indian corn in the thick and tall grass of a meadow? Such an idea, he would at once say, would 
be preposterous. We will say that is not mdre impossible than the idea of raising a thrifty orchard 
under the same treatment. It is indispensably necessary that the ground should be well cultivated to 
obtain fine fruit. From the. neglect of this arises so much of the dissatisfaction of tree planters. Give to 
your trees for a few years a clean, mellow and fertile soil, and they will bend under copious loads of fine 
fruit and yield to the cultivator his reward. One experiment only is enough to convince anyone of the 
advantage of good culture. Dwarf pears, more than any trees, require a deep rich soil and clean cultiva¬ 
tion. In cultivating, great care should be taken not to injure the trees by rubbing the bark off. The 
best crops fOr an orchard are those requiring, summer culture—such as potatoes, beans and peas, etc. 
Winter crops are little better than no culture. Rye is decidedly injurious if left to seed. 
TREATMENT OF TREES' COMING TO HAND OUT OF SEASON. 
It sometimes happens that trees are redeived in a frosted state; but if they are properly managed 
they will not be injured by it. Let the package be put, unopened, in a cellar or some such place—cool, but 
free from frost—until it is perfectly thawed, when it can be unpacked, and either planted or placed in a 
trench until convenient to plant. Trees received in the fall for spring planting should at once be un¬ 
packed, and a trench dug in a rather dry, sheltered position, when the roots should be well covered. So 
treated, they will be preserved without the least injury until spring. If they should come to hand late 
in the spring, and appear much dried, plunge the bundle into a 
pool of water, there to remain for twenty-fOur hours, or more 
if very much wilted. After this it should be unpacked, and the 
roots and half the stems should be buried in soil made quite wet 
by watering; there let them remain until the bark expands to its 
natural fullness, when they may be taken up and planted as 
before directed, and we will guarantee you a good reward for 
your labor. 
DISTANCE FOR PLANTING. 
Standard apples. .......30 feet each way. 
Standard pears and strong growing cherries. ....... . . ....... ...*.. .20 
Standard plums, apricots, peaches, nectarines.. . . ....14 to 18 “ “ 
Dwarf pears............... .........10 to 12 “ “ “ 
Grapes.... . . . ... .rows 10 to 16 feet apart, 7 to 16 feet in rows. 
Raspberries and blackberries....3 to 4 by 5 to 7 feet apart. 
Strawberries, for field culture....18 to 24 inches by 3 to 3feet apart. 
Strawberries, for garden culture...........1 to 2 feet apart. 
NUMBER OF TREES TO AN ACRE. 
Trim and clean up the orchard, 
gather up the brush and burn it. 
Pick up the faulty fruit and burn 
or feed to swine. 
30 feet apart each way.. 50 
25 “ . 70 
20 “ “ HO 
18 « “ ,...135 
15 “ “ '..205 
11 “ “ 300 
10 feet apart each way. 
8 
6 “ 
5 
- 4 “ “ . . 
3 
. 435 
. 684 
... 1,210 
.. 1,742 
. 2,723 
.. 4,84.0 
Rule. —Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants are apart in the 
rows, and the product will be the number of square feet for each plant or hill, which, divided into the 
number of feet in an acre, 43,560, will give the number of trees in an acre.' 
A WORD TO THE FARMERS. 
Those farmers who have not had orchards of the leading kinds of fruit trees certainly are behind the 
times, and are every year losing chances of making farming not only a profitable, but also a pleasant 
occupation. Every farmer has experienced the feeling that he is doing the same thing day after day, 
year in and year out. He has to wait until winter before he receives pay for hiS labor. The farmers need 
to revolutionize this. They must attend more to fruit culture. It has many things to commend it. It breaks 
the monotony of humdrum farm life; if properly managed, it makes an income for the farmer the year 
round. 
TREES BY MAIL. 
Our customers who live far from us are demanding a line of trees we can send by mail to save the 
extra express charge. To meet this demand we are making the following offer, which will Ce'rtainly please 
all who wish to try one-year trees. We can supply most of the varieties as in the larger sizes, but in case 
we are out of any variety of one-year stock we reserve the right to substitute a variety equally ,as good 
and same season. All trees in this list will be well wrapped and packed and sent postpaid to your door 
at prices named, except where otherwise noted: 
Apple. 
Peach . 
Pear. . 
Each. 
$ 0.20 
.10 
.20 
Dozen. 
$ 2.00 
1.00 
2.00 
Hundred. 
$ 8.00 
5.00 
8.00 
Each. Dozen. Hundred. 
Plum. $0.20 $2.00 $8.00 
Cherry..20 . 2.00 8.00 
