201 
American Agriculturist, September 20, 1924 
Feed the Pullets Grain 
They Cant Do Much on Green Grass and Bugs 
D AIRYMEN know absolutely that if 
they want a good producer they 
have got to raise the cow from calfhood in 
the most approved manner. The calf 
and heifer has got to have the proper 
feed right up to the time she freshens. 
She’s got to grow right in both bone 
and flesh. She’s got to be fully de¬ 
veloped. Why, in the name of common 
sense, do some folks think that they can 
raise high producing hens on green grass 
and bugs? 
Just because a pullet can roam of her 
own free will through barnyard and field, 
is no reason to believe that it can get 
enough food to satisfy the requirements 
of its growing body. A hen has got to 
have a certain amount of backing to 
produce, the same as everything else. 
And she’s got to have the right kind of 
feed to do it. If a pullet is on range the 
little she picks up just about takes care 
of the amount of flesh she runs off. Range 
is good for exercise and green food, but it 
doesn’t supply those elements that come 
in the regular ration. 
Recommended Rations 
The ration should not only consist of 
grain, but mash should also be included. 
A good grain mixture consists of five 
parts of cracked corn, two parts of 
barley, two parts of wheat and one part 
of heavy oats. This is fed in the litter 
in the morning. As the birds approach 
maturity they can be fed whole corn at 
night, all they will clean up. 
i In addition to the grain a mash should 
be before the flock at all times. A good 
mixture consists of equal parts of wheat 
bran, wheat middlings, corn meal, ground 
oats and meat scrap, with about twelve 
ounces of salt per every two pounds of the 
mixture. If it happens that the birds 
refuse their grain feeding, it is a good 
idea to take away the mash for a portion 
of the day and immediately reduce the 
amounted grain that is being fed. Given 
these two mixtures and enough green 
food, fresh water and oyster shell and a 
good clean dry place to sleep in, the 
pullets should come into laying in a good 
husky and healthy condition.— Fred 
. Williams, New York. 
Hens Versus Pullets 
Addie Graves 
E XCEPT for the reservation of fancy 
breeding stock, it] is the custom of 
some poultrymen to kill off everything 
each year, retaining only the pullets. 
This is because the pullets are supposed 
to lay more eggs in a year than the hens. 
But the pullet’s first year is measured 
from her laying age—six to seven months. 
She is really eighteen or more months old. 
It costs more to feed the pullet to laying 
age than it does to feed the hen while 
she is shedding her feathers and it is a 
great deal of work to rear the pullets. 
There are, also, two things to consider 
in regard to the eggs—yes, three. Buyers 
cut the price of pullet eggs severely now. 
At the present writing the New York 
market is paying from 50 to 60 cents for 
hen’s eggs and from 35 to 40 cents for the 
best pullet eggs. Of course, all pullet 
eggs are not small¬ 
er than hen’s eggs 
but there are a 
good many small 
eggs the first of 
the season during 
the high egg price. 
As soon as the 
hatcheries start, 
the old hen’s eggs 
will bring twenty- 
five cents a dozen, 
sold to them, more 
than will pullet 
eggs. This con¬ 
sideration holds 
good for three 
months. This 
fact nets us $20 a 
week on the hatching eggs from 300 hens 
for twelve weeks, amounting to the neat 
sum of $240. 
There is a third consideration in favor of 
the old hen. From the time she begins to 
lay, she usually lays an egg every day 
unless she is sitting, and our hens do not 
sit oftener’ than the pullets. Last year, 
the sitting birds were mostly pullets and 
we could do nothing with them, and we 
wanted 500 hen-hatched chicks. 
As for records of hens up to six years 
of age, the following are from the Univer¬ 
sity of California College of Agriculture: 
Pullet 
Year¬ 
3rd 
4th 
5th 
6th 
Year 
ling 
Year 
Year 
Year 
Year 
Hen 
No 4107 
178 
173 
144 
179 
157 
Hen 
No. 4162 
176 
160 
186 
182 
180 
i(36 
Hen 
No. 5123 
161 
189 
194 
170 
• • • 
Water, Green Food and Milk 
In last week’s issue, on page 185, the name 
of the writer of “Getting the Pullets Ready 
for Winter” was omitted through an over¬ 
sight. The article was written by Mr. R, A. 
Steele of Ohio. The following is also by Mr. 
Steele relative to those factors mentioned in 
the heading. 
A S an egg contains over 65% water it 
is very essential that the birds have 
all the fresh water that they can drink, as 
it is the cheapest egg-making material. 
If the laying houses are equipped with 
running water the birds are assured of 
plenty of fresh water. If the conditions 
are so that you have to use drinking 
fountains, wash them out once a day 
with some kind of a brush. 
I have found that by taking the chill 
off the drinking water in cold weather it 
is possible to increase egg production 
considerably. Do not make the mistake, 
however, by giving them hot water, as 
this will give them the diarrhea. 
There are lots of different makes of 
non-freezing drinking fountains on the 
market that are very good. They will 
also keep the water cool in the hot 
weather. 
As the pullets have been on the range 
with plenty of green stuff we must supply 
it to them when they are indoors. 
When the weather is so that it does 
not freeze in the laying houses, hang up 
the cabbage, mangel beets, etc., in a wire 
mesh bag. When the weather is freezing 
cut the cabbage into halves or quarters, 
also the mangel beets, and throw them 
on top of the litter so the birds can eat it 
up before it freezes. Any greenstuff that 
is frozen is very dangerous to feed the 
birds. 
Milk of all kinds, such as skim-milk, 
buttermilk and semi-solid buttermilk 
is very nutritious and should be given to 
the birds at all times.—R. A. Steele. 
Keeping the Henhouse Clean 
STEPPED into a neighbor’s henhouse 
one day that made me gasp as soon as 
the house was opened, and it had a third 
of the front open with a hardware wire 
screen over windows. It had been left 
to get so foul that the ammonia smell was 
strangling. Mites and lice could get a 
firm hold where things were given such 
care, and this was an exceptionally well- 
builthouse at that, 
with concrete floor. 
No matter what 
kind of house we 
have, it should be 
cleaned out at 
least often enough 
to keep down foul 
odors to excess, 
and all water and 
feed vessels should 
be cleaned out [of¬ 
ten. Then the 
scratching mate¬ 
rial should be 
cleaned up every 
w r eek or so and new 
put in its place.— 
L. H. Cobb. 
Mrs. Duck: I can’t find that egg 1 produced 
this morning anywhere. 
Mrs. Hen: You must have mislaid it. 
— Life. 
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