352 
The People’s Telephone 
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The telephone knows no favorites. Its service to all the 
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For the benefit of all, the long-distance circuits are kept in 
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Bell System service is the cheapest, as well as the best, in 
the world. 
The telephone knows no favorites. It is not owned in any 
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by 350,000 stockholders, who represent a cross-section of the 
thrift of the whole country. The owners of the telephone 
are those it serves. 
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of all the people. 
American Telephone and Telegraph Company 
And Associated Companies 
BELL SYSTEM 
One Policy, One System, Universal Service 
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American Agriculturist, November 22, 1924 
Importance of Local Units 
They Put the '‘Operation’ in Cooperation 
'TWENTY FIVE By M. C. BURRITT eration of members 
*- of us were seated in accommodating 
around the office in the Grange Build- their picking plans to the varieties moving 
a n - 1 D M — ...» . 1 A. TTT’II f ^ 1 11 I l 1 * 11 11 ' . 1 , . _ 
mg when President Wilbur Chase called 
the meeting to order It was the 
weekly session of the Parma Cooperative 
Fruit Growers Association at Hilton, 
N \.. held each Wednesday night during 
the busy packing season. The purpose of 
the e meetings is to keep members well 
informed about their business and to set¬ 
tle the problems which are constantly 
arising in democratic fashion. Some of 
the matters requiring attention to night 
were: plans for the ensuing week, what 
varieties should be picked next, whether 
or not members wanted to load a car of 
ciders, whether the second grade Twenty- 
Ounce should be packed B s. or sold in 
bulk to the canning factory whether or 
not we should pur 
chase another car of 
bushel baskets and 
where, and other 
m inor ma 11er s. 
Checks for Dutchess 
apples were also dis¬ 
tributed. 
The meeting began 
prompty at 8 p. nr. 
and the chairman 
promised adjourn¬ 
ment not later than 
nine o’clock, remark¬ 
ing that both lie and 
t he secretary had to go 
on the Rochester Pub¬ 
lic Market early the 
next morning and 
that they didn’t in¬ 
tend to meet them- 
sel ves getting u p when 
they went home to 
bed. We have found 
that the membe'rs 
like this promptness 
of opening and closing 
a meeting and the dispatch with which 
business is done and that many more 
attend than used to when the meetings 
were started late and dragged along to 
eleven o’clock- Three years has taught 
us how to work together effectively. 
The chairman conducts the meeting in a 
most democratic and yet expeditious 
way. He asks each member his wishes 
or gives him a chance to express his opin¬ 
ion on each question. Were his Kings 
ready to pick this week? When did lie 
think Kieffer pears would be ready? 
Would he draw any ciders at sixty cents 
a hundred weight if enough others could 
do so to fill a car this week? Did mem¬ 
bers prefer to accept an offer of $1.50 per 
hundred for B grade Twenty-Ounce, 
ciders and culls out, buyer to haul from 
this week he couldn’t keep ahead. The 
packing floor was not only jammed at one 
end with tree run stuff to be packed, but 
at the other with culls and with packed 
barrels for which Central had orders and 
wanted loaded at once, so they couldn't 
be rolled into storage—a short cut out of 
the way and often a source of needless 
expense. The culls must be sold at once 
and he had an offer of 80 cents for Green¬ 
ing culls and 6.5 cents for all other. Should 
he sell? He was authorized to do so, and 
incidently assured that no one would 
think he had exceeded his authority if he 
got 90 and 70 cents. A lively sense of 
humor in some of the members always 
enlivens the meetings. 
Kieffer pears would 
probably have to be 
packed next week. 
They were to go over 
the Burke grader and 
could be packed on 
the Grange Hall floor. 
The regular crew was 
too busy. Would 
members work eve¬ 
nings from seven to 
ten o’clock next week 
at regular help s pay 
and relieve the pres¬ 
sure. Sure they 
would. Twelve men 
were selected and 
schedtiled for two 
nights and twelve for 
two other evenings. 
So all Abe would have 
to do was to super¬ 
intend the day and 
evening crews, load a 
ear of ciders, two cars 
of 3-inch Cataract 
Twenty Ounce, a car 
of 2 inch Cataract Greenings, a ear of 
2 K-inch Greenings, a car of Pound Sweets 
and a mixed car. Does it take a real 
man to keep sweet, not loose his head, 
and get the work done in a cooperative 
packing house? It does! 
What a Local Unit Is 
This local cooperative unit is one of the 
members of the Western New York Fruit 
Growers Cooperative Packing Associa¬ 
tion. It is organized under Article 13A of 
the cooperative law and is a non-stock 
corporation financed on members non 
interest bearing notes, which are used as 
collateral to borrow operating funds at 
the bank. This unit does not own but 
rents its packinghouse. It owns its 
graders and other equipment. Last win 
BURRITT 
packing-house or would they prefer to ter it. doubled its membership and its 
pack them B grade in barrels and chance members now have a production capacity 
in a full crop year like 1922 of more than 
40,000 barrels of apples, 4,000 bushels 
of pears and 4,000 bushels of peaches 
getting a larger net return that way? 
How many bushels baskets would each 
member need for Kieffer pears? Every 
member expressed himself freely and 
majority opinion ruled Sometimes there 
is unanimous agreement without vote 
The Jocal unit’s function is to assemble; 
grade and pack the fruit of its members. 
It contracts with the Central to sell and 
- -- ' vu V V.il H CU LU OUU ailU 
Usually there are differences of opinion pool its fruit under the Central’s Cataract 
but close votes are rare, \fter full dis 
cussion, differences are settled by a show¬ 
ing of hands. 
A Superintendent’s Troubles 
Superintendent Smith was called upon 
for suggestions. Abe has Iris troubles 
trying to keep 34 members happy, a 
packing-crew of twenty working effi¬ 
ciently and the Central's orders filled and 
shipped promptly. But he is always 
cheerful, a hard worker and with the good 
backing he gets from officers and members 
alike always comes out on top of his prob¬ 
lems smiling. As usual he had some 
recommendations and some questions to 
be settled. Members would have to reg¬ 
ulate their deliveries this week to varieties 
being run and to floor capacity. The 
regular packing-crew was working over 
Brand and rules and regulations Gov¬ 
ernment inspection at shipping point is 
the buyer's guarantee of the product. 
Eighty to ninety per cent, of all fruit L 
sold F O. B, 
The Grower’s Viewpoint 
As operated this cooperative is abso¬ 
lutely iu the grower’s hands. Its policies 
and plans are determined by him. He 
participates, if he will, in all decision 
and his interests are always first in mind. 
He is as efficient as he and his associates 
can be and he shares the results of good 
and poor decisions with all. 
Some individual growers think that 
they can do better by themselves but 
most growers feel that they arrive - at 
wiser decisions by talking problems— 
picking dates, selling prices, grades, stor 
time four nights this week to try and keep ing, etc.—over together. They feel tha 
ahead of the rush ol Twenty-Ounce and they are running their own business anc 
iGreenmgs, but even so without the coop- ^ ( Continued on page 868) 
