American Agriculturist, September 29,1922 
Pennsylvania Grange Cele¬ 
brates Semi-Centennial 
OLIVER D. SCHOCK 
T HE Fiftieth anniversary of the 
organization of the Pennsylvania 
State Grange was celebrated with 
special exercises in Reading, on Thurs¬ 
day evening, September 20. Berks, 
Lehigh, Lebanon, Schuylkill, Lancaster, 
Northampton, Bucks and other counties 
were represented. It was in Berks 
County that the first meeting was held 
under the leadership of the late D. B. 
Mauger. John F. McSparran, Master 
of the State Grange, Fred Brencke- 
man, secretary and David F. Mauger, 
whose father organized the State 
Grange movement, were among the 
speakers. The grangers of Pennsyl¬ 
vania now number almost 100,000. 
* * * 
About one score Pennsylvania coun¬ 
ties will be represented at the Syra¬ 
cuse, New York, cattle exhibitions by 
organized delegations. This National 
show will also attract many Pennsyl¬ 
vania dairymen. Some of the county 
delegations will travel by automobiles 
in preference to train service, as they 
can beat the average train schedules. 
* * * 
The several State newspaper associa¬ 
tions at a recent meeting made a con¬ 
certed attack upon the present system 
of tax assessments. It was declared 
that it was unfair and that tax re¬ 
vision was a public necessity. A plan 
proposed during the last days of the 
session of the Legislature met with 
defeat. The late Thomas J. Edge, 
Secretary of the State Board of Agri¬ 
culture and the writer hereof, made an 
extensive research into the problem 
years ago which at least temporarily 
produced valuable results for the agri¬ 
cultural classes. 
* * * 
With an exceptionally cold early 
Fall season and occasional showers, 
apples are developing splendidly both in 
size and color and orchardists predict a 
profitable season. Spraying was more 
prevalent than in any previous season, 
and the fruit will be harvested in a 
clean condition. Last year scab was 
very troublesome. The Stayman, Wine- 
sap and York Imperial again lead in 
production, and are planted commer¬ 
cially to a greater extent than any other 
varieties. 
The Negro in Southern 
Agriculture 
(Continued from page 206) 
tion which will convert an ignorant and 
frequently criminal immigrant from 
southeast Europe will do the same for 
the negro. We have failed to realize 
that the educated negroes in the North 
and South are the ones who have the 
most self-respect and conscience. The 
first step our missionaries take in for¬ 
eign fields is to educate those whom 
they would Christianize. 
What we need is not only more and 
better elementary schools, but we 
should provide more schools for tech¬ 
nical training so that they may learn 
the advantages of scientific farming 
or become fitted for some vocation. 
Teach the negro how to use his hands; 
give him a chance to read a daily news¬ 
paper, let him have a letter now and 
then from his children, and the day of 
assaults, lynchings, and violence will 
disappear. 
When he proves himself capable, he 
should be allowed to own a piece of 
land, for in every case where they have 
had a chance to own land they 
have made better farmers and better 
citizens. 
We must not fail to remember that 
wherever our life touches the negro we 
make him stronger or weaker, and that 
in turn he will help or hinder us. You 
men of New York State must remem¬ 
ber that the backwardness of the South 
is your backwardness and in-so-much 
lowers the standards of your civilization. 
Man drags man down or lifts him up. 
I look into the past and a dream of the 
future arises. I see a South that has 
learned to appreciate the negro and has 
given him a chance that has so long 
been denied him. It is no longer a sec¬ 
tion of ignorance, and crime, and back¬ 
wardness, but a country of happiness 
and an agricultural section second to 
pone in the world. 
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i 
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I 
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V 
