300 
American Agriculturist, NoVember 3,1923 
and 
rates 
•j 
good service 
This country has enjoyed railroad transporta¬ 
tion on practically a cheaper basis than any 
other civilized country .—Report of the Con¬ 
gressional Joint Commission on Agriculture. 
Shippers of farm products on the New York Central Lines 
know from experience that the quality of railroad service is, 
of greater importance than the price. 
Inadequate, inefficient freight service is dear at any price. 
Rates that leave no margin of earnings on railroad invest¬ 
ment dry up the sources of new capital, without which the 
carriers cannot provide the new equipment and facilities their 
shippers must have. 
This necessary margin of receipts above expenditures, so 
vital to the life of the railroads, is a small fraction of rail¬ 
road rates. In 1922 the railroads earned the largest net in¬ 
come in five years, a return of 4.14% on their property 
investment. But a reduction of 16% in the rates charged 
in 1922 would have taken all this net. 
The Congressional Joint Commission of Agricultural Inquiry 
estimated that the average proportion of freight rates to the 
value of goods carried was 6%. If this were reduced to 5%, 
a reduction so small that the consuming public would detect 
no difference in living costs, most of our railroads would starve. 
Living rates for the railroads — insuring healthy growth of 
railroad facilities—are vital to agricultural prosperity. 
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KITSELMAN BROS. Dept.203MUNCIE, INO. 
Among the Farmers 
League Announces Prices — Apple Show Program 
T HE Dairymen’s League Cooperative 
Association, 'Inc., has announced the 
price for November Milk. Class 1 milk 
entering into fluid consumption has 
been increased to $3.45 a hundred for 
3% milk in the basic zone of 210-210 
miles from New York City. This is 
considerable in contrast to the price 
announced for the first week in Octo¬ 
ber, which was $2.98 and which was 
increased later on, the 16th of October, 
to $3.25. 
Class 2 milk, which goes into the 
manufacture of cream, the price re¬ 
mains the same as in October, which 
was $2.05 per hundred pounds. The 
regular differentials of from 20 to 35c 
per hundred are in vogue depending 
upon the disposal of the skim milk. 
Class 3 milk, which enters into the 
manufacture of powdered, condensed 
and evaporated milk, as well as hard 
cheeses, the price has been placed at 
$2.20 per hundred pounds. Class 4 
milk, yvhich enters into the manufac¬ 
ture of butter and cheese, will be de¬ 
termined as previously, by the quota¬ 
tions of those commodities on the New 
York market. 
THE PROGRAM OF EVENTS AT 
THE APPLE SHOW 
The Eastern Apple Exposition and 
Fruit Show which opens on November 
3rd, will be the largest apple exposition 
ever held in the East. It is given by 
the growers of Maine, New Hampshire, 
Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, 
New York, Pennsylvania, and Mary¬ 
land. 
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 3 
Home Economics Day 
Demonstrations and lectures at 2:30 
and 8:30 P. M. by Miss Anna Barrows, 
under the auspices of the Home Econ¬ 
omics Department, Teachers’ College, 
Columbia University, New York City. 
These lectures and demonstrations will 
be repeated daily. 
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 5 
Eruit Dealers’ Day 
8:30 P. M.—Address, “How the East¬ 
ern Apple Grower Should Pack to Meet 
the Requirements of the Retail Trade ” 
Mr. Buyer for the Great Atlantic and 
Pacific Tea Company. 
Consumers’ Day—City Federation of 
Women’s Clubs Day 
Address by Mrs. Thomas Slack, 
President, at 3:30 P. M. 
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6 
Teachers’ and School Children’s Day 
Hotel Men’s Day 
Maple Products Day 
2:30 P. M.—Conference in charge of 
Amos J. Eaton, President, the Vermont 
Maple Products Exchange and F. B. 
Robertson, manager, Maple Products 
Cooperative Association, of New York. 
Address, C. H. Jones, Chief Chemist, 
Vermont Agricultural Experiment Sta¬ 
tion, Burlington. 
8:30 P. M.—Address (illustrated) on 
Nut Growing, Dr. Robert T. Morris, 
Stamford, Conn. i 
American Pomological Society Con¬ 
vention opens. 
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 7 
New England Day 
Farm Bureau Day 
Apple Judging and Packing Contests 
by State agricultural college teams 
at 10:30 A. M. and 1 P. M. Contests 
in charge of Prof. B. D. Drain, of 
Massachusetts Agricultural College, 
Amherst. Dr. U. P. Hedrick, of 
Geneva, N. Y., will place the 15 classes 
used in the judging contest. Prizes of¬ 
fered by the American Pomological So¬ 
ciety and the International Apple Ship¬ 
pers’ Association The contests will be 
filmed. 
2:30 P. M.—Conference of Farm 
Bureau officials and workers of the 
Eastern States, in charge of Enos Lee, 
President of the New York State Farm 
Bureau Federation. 
3:30 P. M.—Address, “The Relation 
of Transportation to the Apple Indus¬ 
try,” H. H. Pratt, Special Agent, Erie 
Railroad. 
12 Midnight—A special trip through 
Chinatown and to the wholesale 
markets of New York City will be 
arranged. Price, $1.25 each. (Make 
reservations Wednesday morning at 
Information Booth.) 
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 8 
New York State Day 
Honey Day 
11:00 A. M.—Bee Keepers’ Confer¬ 
ence in charge of Prof. R. B. Willson, 
Extension Bee Specialist, N. Y. State 
College of Agriculture, Ithaca. 
Addresses by Dr. E. F. Phillips, U. S. 
D. A.; E. R. Root, Medina, Ohio; Prof. 
F. H. Wilson, University of Wisconsin; 
J. H. Kelley, Advertising Expert. 
Transportation Day 
3:30 P. M.—Transportation Confer¬ 
ence in charge of the Committee on 
Public Relations of the Eastern Rail¬ 
roads. 
Address on the “Relation of Transpor¬ 
tation to the Apple Growing Industry,” 
Robert S. Binkerd, Vice-Chairman of 
the Committee on Public Relations of 
the Eastern Railroads. 
8:30 P. M.—Address by R E. N. 
Cowie, Vice-President, American Rail¬ 
way Express Company. 
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 9 
Marketing Day 
11:30 A. M.—Marketing Conference, 
Chairman, A. L. Clark, Chief, Bureau 
of Markets, New Jersey Department of 
Agriculture. Program will include a 
general discussion on the most import¬ 
ant problems relating to fruit market¬ 
ing and distribution. 
Agricultural Department Day 
2:30 P. M.—Conference of State 
Agricultural Department officials of the 
Eastern States in charge of Hon. Berne 
E. Pyrke, New York State Commis¬ 
sioner of Farms and Markets. 
Addresses by Hon. Henry C. Wallace, 
U. S. Secretary of Agriculture, and 
Secretaries of Agriculture and Com¬ 
missioners of Farms and Markets of 
the Eastern States. 
8:30 P. M.—Address on the “Relation 
of Transportation to the Apple Indus¬ 
try,” P. H. Burnett, Industrial Commis¬ 
sioner, Lehigh Valley Railroad. 
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 10 
3:30 P. M.—Address on “The Relation 
of Transportation to the Apple Indus¬ 
try,” A. S. Merchant, Agriculturist, D. 
L. & W. R. R. 
On this day all apples exhibited that 
are for sale may be purchased for de¬ 
livery on Monday, Nov. 12th. 
Movies Every Day 
Moving pictures showing the Fruit 
Industry in its many phases will be 
shown morning, afternoon, and evening 
during the Exposition. Among the 
films to be shown are: 
“Apples and the County Agent,” 
“King Apple’s Enemies,” “Connecticut 
Orchard Scenes,” “Bees—How They 
Live and Work,” “Power Farming,” 
“Dusting Orchards and Low-Growing 
Crops for Insects and Fungi, and the 
Difficulties of Liquid Spraying.” 
NEW YORK COUNTY NOTES 
St. Lawrence Co.—Pastures are good. 
Very little frost thus far. Corn is all 
cut and in the silos. The potato crop 
is very uneven. Some farmers report 
good yields, while others will hardly 
have enough for their own use. Cows 
are holding up well. Some farmers 
are putting more effort into their poul¬ 
try business as shipping eggs are bring¬ 
ing excellent prices. It is too eai’ly to 
make a quotation on turkeys.—H. S. H. 
Steuben Co.—On account of the ex¬ 
cellent weather, farmers have been able 
to get their fall work cleared up in 
good shape. • Potatoes are about all 
dug. The ci’op is very uneven, perhaps 
a little better than expected. The price 
- offered at shipping stations at present 
is about 60 cents. Up to the 20th of 
October, the dry spell has become very 
serious- 
