American Agriculturist, November 10,1923 
329 
Use of Orange and Grapefruit Peels 
Emma Gary Wallace Describes Satisfactory Candying Process , 
W ITH the present need for thrift, we 
must be diligent in looking after 
the little things, for they go to make up 
the big ones. 
Some very delicious additions to the 
daily menu may be prepared by making 
use of grapefruit, orange and lemon 
peels. Most people throw away grape¬ 
fruit peel because of its extreme bit¬ 
terness. However, it is delicious pre¬ 
served or candied and used wherever 
citron peel or orange peel would be 
suitable, as in cakes and puddings. 
Other flavoring is not necessary. 
If the peels are used from whole 
grapefruit, each one should be im¬ 
mersed in boiling hot water for five 
minutes. This facilitates the removal 
of the skin, which should be cut away 
from the pulp of the fruit, leaving as 
little of the inner white coating at¬ 
tached to that pulp as possible. The 
segments of peel may then be spread 
out and scraped, to remove as much of 
this inner lining as is practical. 
If grapefruit peel is used from 
which the pulp has already been cut 
away, the walls of the segments can 
be scraped with a knife until quite 
clean. The pulp should now be cut into 
narrow strips about two inches long. 
The peels may be dropped into cold, 
salt water and allowed to stand a 
couple of hours. After this, the salt 
water is drained off and the peel cov¬ 
ered with a solution made of one part 
of lime water and two parts of clear 
water. 
Lime water makes the tough outer 
surface tender. A large bottle can be 
obtained for a few cents at the drug 
store. 
How to Preserve Grapefruit Peel 
Bring the grapefruit peel and the 
solution covei’ing it to the boiling point, 
simmering slowly for half an hour. 
Pour off this liquid, which will have 
extracted much of the bitterness, cover 
again with plain cold water, and boil 
another half hour. This water also is 
discarded. Repeat the third time, press 
out the liquid and throw it away. 
The grapefruit peel will now have 
a mildly bitter flavor which is desirable. 
If one wishes a milder flavor still, a 
fourth or fifth boiling will insure it. 
Press the peel with the spoon to ex¬ 
tract the water. Have ready a syrup 
made by taking equal measurements of 
sugar and water and just allowed to 
dissolve. Add the grapefruit peel to 
this syrup, cover, and allow to simmer 
for one hour and a half. Do not allow 
it to reach the boiling point. Uncover 
and bring to a boiling point at this 
' stage, continuing the cooking until a 
thick syrupy mass is obtained of a 
it is put in' the sunshine, so much the 
better. 
When dry and well candied, drop the 
preserved peel into clean glass fruit 
jar. It will keep for a long time ^nd 
may be used as an after-dinner confec¬ 
tion if one desires. Pieces of this peel 
dipped in melted chocolate, make de¬ 
licious candies; or cut into fine slivers 
can be used in cream candy, giving it 
an unusual taste. 
The process may sound tedious, but 
is really little trouble, as the work can 
be done while other duties are attended 
to, only keeping an eye on the grape¬ 
fruit peel to see that the processing is 
properly followed up. 
A product which remains soft and 
does not grow hard even with passing 
time, is prepared by following this 
process, only using the invert sugar or 
syrup employed by commercial manu¬ 
facturer^. A candy or ice cream maker 
can furnish this. Invert sugar never 
crystallizes, and products prepared 
with it remain soft. This is largely 
true also with honey. 
Candy Orange and Lemon Peel 
Orange peel or lemon peel may be 
candied with rather less trouble. ^ Most 
of the white inner material ?s scraped 
away and the portions of peel cut into 
strips about an inch and a half long. 
No scalding in hot water is necessary, 
neither do we use the lime solution. 
Cover with water and boil slowly 
for an hour, adding more water so that 
the peel will be covered all the time. 
Discard this water and add more boil¬ 
ing water, repeating the process for 
half an hour. By this time, the peel 
should be tender and almost trans¬ 
parent. Drain it and cook in the syrup 
made of half sugar and half water 
until the syrup is quite thick. Drain. 
Roll in the powdered sugar, dry as in 
the case of the grape fruit, and put 
away in covered clean jars for future 
use. 
As these will all look much alike, 
they should be labeled. Chopped, the 
orange or lemon is particularly good 
mixed with icing, or to give variety 
to cake. Some housewives value it very 
■highly in mincemeat. 
_ \ 
RAINY-BAY “SUNSHINE” 
Who likes rainy days? Very few 
people, I’m afraid; but our family is 
the exception to the rule. 
As we have to accept rainy weather 
anyway, why not like it and teach the 
children to, also? . 
On rainy days, Dad nearly always 
has work to do in the shop, and Biggest 
On such occasions I prepare some of 
our favorite foods for the meals or 
.perhaps serve a “plate supper” beside 
the living-room stove. 
Sometimes I make up some well-bal¬ 
anced sandwiches and with cocoa and 
milk to drink and caraway cookies to 
nibble on for dessert we have an “in¬ 
side picnic.” 
It is a bother at times, but it is worth 
while and makes us all more content 
with farm life.— Mabelle Roberts. 
HER OCCUPATION 
0 MOTHER was registered duly because she was anxious to vote, 
The questions she answered truly, of each statement the clerk made 
a note, 
But mother felt some indignation, decidedly peeved she became, 
When she found the words, “no occupation” were written right after 
her name! 
For mother gets up every morning before the first daylight has come, 
And laziness heartily scorning, she does all the work of the home. 
By way of a mild relaxation, she works in the garden patch, too, 
For some one with “no occupation” she really finds plenty to do! 
The children are always dressed neatly, of course that means sewing galore, 
She cares for the poultry completely, sells butter and eggs at the store. 
She’s busy without much cessation, you never could say she was slow, 
For some one with “no occupation” why mother keeps quite on the go! 
There’s washing and sewing and mending, and all of these items mean work, 
To each you’ll find mother attending, 0, no one could call her a shirk! 
So she cannot feel calm resignation—do- you think, Uncle Sam, she’s 
to blame 
When she finds the words “no occupation” on the record right after her 
name? —Elsie D. Yale. 
The Broad Highway 
(Continued from page 32G) 
on and on. Presently he turned out of 
the road, and there, sure enough, was 
the oak. Kneeling down, he slipped off 
his burden and pushed it through a 
jagged hole at the root. Then he 
glanced round him, a long, stealthly 
look, down at the earth and up at the 
sky, and crept into the tree. In the 
dimness I could see him fumble for the 
thing he wanted, pause to thumb its 
edge, and, throwing up his chin, raise 
his hand— 
“Folly!” said I aloud, and stopped 
suddenly in my stride. 
The moon’s rim was just topping the 
trees to my left, and its light, feeble 
though it was fes yet, served to show 
that I had reached a place where four 
roads met. 
Now, casting my eyes about me, they 
were attracted by a great tree that 
grew near by, a tree of vast girth and 
bigness. And, as I looked, I saw that 
it was an oak-tree near the root of 
which there was a jagged, black hole. 
Heedless of my direction, I hurried 
away, yet, even when I had left it far 
behind, I glanced back more than once 
ere its towering branches were lost to 
my view. 
So I walked on through the shadows, 
past trees that were not trees, and 
hedges that were not hedges, but fright¬ 
ful phantoms, rather, lifting menacing 
arms above my head, and reaching after 
me with clutching fingers. Time and 
again, ashamed of such weakness, I 
cursed myself for an imaginative fool, 
but kept well in the middle of the road, 
and grasped my staff firmly, notwith¬ 
standing. 9 
I had gone, perhaps, some mile or so 
in this way, when I suddenly fancied 
I heard a step behind me, and swung 
round upon my heel, with ready stick; 
but the road stretched away—empty 
as far as I could see. Having looked 
about me on all sides, I presently went 
on again, yet, immediately, it seemed 
that the steps began also, keeping time 
with my own, now slow, now fast, now 
slow again; but, whenever I turned, the 
road behind was apparently as empty 
and desolate as ever. 
(To be continued) 
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jellylike nature, or until the candy 
thermometer shows from 218 to 220 
degrees F. To allow the syrup to be¬ 
come hotter than this, is to harden the 
peel. 
Now remove the peel with a skimmer 
or by turning off the syrup. Shake 
and drain until each piece is distinct 
and free from clinging drops. Roll in 
powdered sugar and spread out on plat¬ 
ters or large plates to dry. Put in a 
place where the dust will not fly, 
and allow to remain several days. If 
Boy is on hand to ask questions, help (?) 
and putter away at his own small con¬ 
cerns. 
When the little ones can’t be out on 
the porch, or in the shop, there is a 
box of special rainy-day toys and treas¬ 
ures which they enjoy in a corner of 
the kitchen. Children who are big 
enough can blow soap-bubbles, make 
scrap-books, and do other fascinating 
things. I try to look festive, wear a 
pretty dress and be as entertaining as 
if the family werd guests. 
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J 
