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lB-76 CHICAGO today 
American Agriculturist, April 19 , 1924 
When We Celebrate Easter 
Familiar Symbols Explained — The Farm Mother 
T HE custom of celebrating the return 
of spring at about the time of the 
Vernal Equinox is very ancient. On the 
first month of their calendar which cor¬ 
responds to our March or April, the Jews 
have for centuries celebrated the feast of 
the passover, which commemorates their 
delivery from Egypt. 
In the year 68 A. D., the first Christian 
Easter was observed. The date was then 
identical with that of the Jewish passover 
but in the year 325 A. D. a great council 
was called at Nice to fix upon a date for 
the observance of the Christian Easter. 
This council decided upon the now 
familiar rule about the moon for deter¬ 
mining the date of Easter. 
Early Christian missionaries found that 
the hardest of their tasks was the uproot¬ 
ing of the heathen festivals. Therefore, 
it became their custom to give the 
festivals a Christian significance and to 
permit the practice of such ancient 
customs as did not interfere with the 
Christian belief. In the case of Easter, 
the change was very easy. “Joy at the 
awakening of nature from the death of 
winter became joy at the resurrection of 
Christ from the grave.” 
Symbols Attach Themselves To 
Easter 
Since Easter is a celebration of such 
ancient origin, so universally observed 
THE FARM MOTHER 
A CATBIRD on the tip-top of a silver 
maple tree 
Is trilling songs of rosy sunrise glow 
To thrill the slate breast of his brooding 
mate. 
Warming blue treasures in the grapevine 
low. 
With this rich song begins the mother’s day; 
She smiles to thank him for the rounde-lay. 
At noontide by the bounteous table spread 
She sits to rest a wee, her hurrying feet. 
Then to her listening heart across the fields 
There comes three liquid notes. The 
towhee sweet 
Is telling all of gratitude he feels 
For fence rows where he finds the noonday 
meals. 
’Tis shimmering, drowsy, summer afternoon. 
The singing birds are hushed, the leaves are 
still. 
Her expert fingers stitch a boy’s torn blouse; 
Her eyes are lifted to an age-worn hill, 
To know the humble services she gives 
Are part of molding truth, that ever lives. 
At evening, tasks must wait tomorrow’s sun. 
A whip-poor-will shouts calls to his shy love. 
“All love!” by quiet forms tired out with 
work and play 
The mother murmurs, then lifts prayer 
above, 
That these may learn in marsh, in field, in 
wood 
Sweet charity, all life Gdd’s Brotherhood. 
—NORA DEL SMITH GUMBLE. 
moon. That seems to be the reason that 
the rabbit, as we often call it, is used as a 
symbol of Easter. The German Easter 
celebration is something like our Christ¬ 
mas. Kindly hares are supposed to act 
the part of our Santa Claus, distributing 
the eggs on the night before Easter, and 
in the morning the little children have a 
happy time looking for them. 
Candles and Flowers Appropriate 
The candle is a beautiful emblem of 
Easter. The Pascal candle symbolizes 
the fact that Christ, the light of the 
world, has risen from the grave. An 
impressive service is held on Easter eve 
in the church of the Holy Sepulcher at 
Jerusalem. When the worshippers enter 
the church all is dark. Each person 
carries in his hand an unlighted candle, 
A flaming taper is taken from the Sepul¬ 
cher where the body of the Lord is 
supposed to have lain. The nearest 
worshippers present their own candles to 
this lighted one anil then pass the flame 
on from candle to candle until every 
person in the church holds a lighted 
taper. Then they pass out into the 
street where throngs of people are await¬ 
ing their coming. Each one of the 
watchers bears in his hand a darkened 
candle. These candles are held to the 
lighted ones and soon the whole city of 
Jerusalem is filled with light. 
In our own country the Easter lily 
seems to be the favorite flower of the 
season. This is doubtless due to its 
purity and to the fact that it opens just 
at the Easter ’season. The tulip, crocus 
and daffodil also tell us the story of life 
unfolding from death. But the loveliest 
of a.ll Easter emblems are the wild flowers 
that spring up in the forest without 
human care or thought and unfold their 
tinted petals and scatter their delicate 
perfume at the Easter season. We call 
them by their botanical name of hypaticas 
but the early Dutch settlers had a more 
significant name for them. They spoke 
of these little heralds of spring as "Pops 
Blummies” or, as we might say in 
English, Easter Flowers. 
It. is useless to try to make a list of the 
flowers that are emblematic of Easter 
because all the flowers of spring tell the 
story of life after death. We adorn our 
churches with flowers at Easter time; we 
like also to have flowers in our homes and 
to present them to our friends. They 
are all appropriate, for as Longfellow has 
told us, flowers are 
“Emblems of our own great resurrection. 
Emblems of the bright and better land. 
— Amy Thornton Swartz. 
through the centuries, we are not sur¬ 
prised to find that it is a day of many 
symbols. The symbol that is the nearest 
related to the religious meaning of the 
day is, of course, the cross, the earliest 
symbol chosen by the Christian church. 
' The egg is widely recognized as an 
emblem of Easter. From the most 
ancient times the egg has symbolized 
creation and new birth. The egg is very 
much in evidence in all the countries of 
Europe on Easter day. In Italy eggs 
are hard boiled, then taken to church 
where they are blessed. After the service 
they are taken home and eaten. On 
Easter day in Russia people used to 
carry a number of eggs with them 
wherever they went. These they pre¬ 
sented to their friends saying as they did 
so, “Christ is risen J” The recipient 
replied. “He is risen indeed!” In Aus¬ 
tria, Easter eggs are similar to our 
valentines. They are beautifully tinted 
and inscribed with appropriate messages. 
In some parts of Europe, children go 
through the streets singing Easter carols 
and are rewarded with gifts of colored 
eggs. 
The hare ranks next to the egg in 
popularity as an Easter symbol. The 
date of Easter is determined by the moon 
and in Oriental symbolism the hare has 
always been closely connected with the 
A Charming Summer Hat 
T 
1975 
HE best hat for Easter time and the 
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of softlv-colored leaves and blossom • 
The pattern cuts in ladies’ misses ana 
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'$4 yard lining and 1% yards edging- 
Price, 12c. Order from Pattern Depai 
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Fourth Avenue, New York, N. 1 • 
