PLATE I 
• Coltunn of ice composed of thin capillary tubes or needlelike crystals formed at 
the surface of a wet muck. The force of crys^lization brings the capillary water 
to the surface and, as it freezes into these massive capillary tubes, the whole column 
is pu^ed upward as the growth takes place at the lower end of the whole. 
(43a) 
