June 9,1923 
Rogue Types in Garden Peas 
827 
plants of Mummy grown in the last three years. The Mummy variety 
differs from Gradus in several Mendelian characters. 
Nomenclature. —The factors concerned in the crosses of Mummy and 
Gradus and the symbols used to designate the factors are as follows: 
A. Factor for flower color. A must be present to have any color develop. Alone A 
produces light purple flowers; a produces white flowers. Dominance is com¬ 
plete. Tedin, (ji). 
B. Interacts with A to produce pink flowers; b has no visible effect. Tedin, (jj). 
C. Interacts with A to produce violet flowers. Interacts with AB to produce dark 
purple; c has no visible effect on A or B. Tedin, (jz), 
N. Factor for normal stem as opposed to n for fasciated. Mendel, {8)\ White, {14)• 
X. Factor for mean stipule ratio of approximately 2.35. The allelomorph x in Gradus 
determines a ratio of about 1.70. (Described here.) 
x^. Factor for stipule shape in Mummy allelomorphic to X in Gradus rogue and x in 
Gradus. 
Y. Factor responsible in Mummy for mean stipule ratio of approximately 2.05. Its 
allelomorphy in Gradus determines a stipule ratio of about 1.70. (Described 
here.) 
It is tentatively assumed that the change which takes place when 
Gradus produces Rogue is a point mutation of factor x to X. 
To find the mean stipule ratios for which it is assumed Xx and Yy 
are responsible, the average ratio of width to length was obtained for 
four stipules from the middle nodes of each plant measured. In this, 
manner the mean stipule ratio per plant was obtained for 135 Gradus 
types, 135 Gradus rogues, and 176 plants of the Mummy variety. Fre¬ 
quency distributions of the three groups of mean ratios were made 
(Table VII) and the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of varia¬ 
tion calculated for each category of plants. The mean stipule ratios 
were found to be: Gradus type 1.693^0.0107; Gradus rogue, 2.339± 
O. 0096; and Mummy, 2.088^0.0050. 
In regard to the factors here considered, the three strains have the 
following genetic constitution: 
Gradus type, aaBBCCxxjryNN. 
Gradus rogue, aaBBCCXXjryNN. 
Mummy, AABBccx'x'YYnn. 
GRADUS Type X MUMMY 
RELATION or THE X AND FACTORS FOR STIPUEE WIDTH 
From the data at hand, factors x and x' are considered to have prac¬ 
tically the same somatic expression in regard to stipule shape. The 
difference is in the ability of x to mutate to X, a quality lacking in x', 
at least in the x'x' or xx' combination. In other respects the two 
allelomorphic factors x and x' can be viewed as essentially indentical, as 
far as visible expression is concerned. 
RELATION OF COLOR FACTORS A AND a 
Considering the allelomorphic pair A and a in the F2 generation of 
crosses of Gradus type with Mummy, the colored flowered plants 
(AA and Aa) and noncolored (aa) are found to be in close agreement 
with the expected 75 and 25 per cent (Table VIII). 
