June 9, 1923 
Rogtie Types in Garden Peas 
845 
Tabl^ XX. —Ratio of rogue {XX and Xoff) segregates to nonrogue (x^x^) segregates 
in all F3 cultures segregating into rogues and nonrogues, based on data in Table XVII 
i 
! XX and 
i Xx'. 
x'x'. 
Total. 
Observed. 
2167 
2089.5 
77-5 
22.85 
3-4 
619 
696.5 
77-5 
2786 
2786 
Calculated... 
Difference (D). 
Standard error (S. F.). 
D/S. E. 
statistical study op stipule SHAP^ in THB P3 FAMILIES OP GRADUS ROGUE X MUMMY, 
AND RECIPROCAL 
Besides classifying the F3 cultures on the basis of stipule character a 
number of families were diosen for a statistical study of the stipule 
shape. A record was kept of whether the families consisted of nonrogues 
only, rogues, or of both rogues and nonrogues. Table XX shows the 
frequency distributions and means of the cultures measured. In general 
the mean stipule ratio of each family tends toward the mean of the 
category to which the Fj parent belonged (Table XXI). Thus the means 
of the x'x' families tend to approach the mean of x'x' parent (Mummy) 
while the Xx' and XX families have means close to that of the XX parent 
(Gradus rogue). This tendency in the means of the three types of 
families is greater if the frequency distributions of the several families 
belonging to each group be combined. In Table XXII are shown the 
total frequency distributions from Table XXI of 28 segregating farnilies, 
of 8 families breeding true to the rogue character, and of 15 families in 
which no rogues occurred. The mean of the rogue families is 2.503 ± 
0.0093 as compared with 2.339 ±0.0096 for Gradus rogue. The increased 
narrowness of the stipules of the rogue segregates over that of the ro^e 
parent may be due to the accumulative effect of factors modifying 
stipule shape such as the Y and n factors responsible for stipule shape and 
stem fasciation, respectively, in Mummy. The mean of ^e segregating 
cultures is 2.259 ±0.0062 or very near the mean, 2.333 of all the 
F2 cultures of Gradus rogue X Mummy. For the families in which no 
rogues appeared the mean is 1.899 ±0.0053 or intermediate between the 
means of Gradus type and Mummy, 1.693±0.0107 2.088±0.0050, 
respectively. The mean of the x'x' families is especially significant as 
indicating a segregation into Graduslike plants and Mummylike plants 
among the Fg plants lacking the X factor. Such a segregation is to be 
expected in the progeny of Fg plants of the composition x'x'Yy, and 
from the effect of lumping together into one frequency distribution the 
Fg families with formulae x'x'YY and x'x'yy. 
The evidence from the statistical study of stipule shape in the Fg 
families points to the homozygous nature of the broad or intermediate 
F2 segregates in regard to the x' factor. In addition the occurrence 
of Fg rogues homozygous and heterozygous for the X factor is also 
demonstrated by measurement of the stipules of their Fg progenies. 
