Aug. 1, 1924 
The Greenhouse Leaf- Tyer 
149 
"Table IV.— Time spent in the hatching process by larvae of Phlyctaenia rubigalis 
Date 
Time of hatching 
Min¬ 
utes 
Date 
Time of hatching 
Min¬ 
utes 
Mar. 18_ 
8.59 a. m. to 9.03 a. m_ 
a 4 
Apr. 14_ 
11.19 a. m. to 11.24 a. m_ 
5 
25_ 
11.02 a. m. to 11.10 a. m_ 
8 
14_ 
12.49 p. m. to 12.53 p. m_ 
4 
25_ 
11.02 a. m. to 11.10 a. m_ 
8 
14_ 
12.54 p. m. to 12.59 p. m_ 
5 
25_ 
11.30 a. m. to 11.37 a. m_ 
7 1 
14_ 
1.54 p. m. to 1.58 p. m_ 
4 
25_ 
11.45 a. m. to 11.52 a. m_ 
7 
14_ 
2.52 p. m. to 3.01 p. m_ 
9 
25_ 
11.45 a. m. to 11.57 a. m_ 
12 
14_ 
2.59 p. m. to 3.03 p. m_ 
4 
25_ 
1.15 p. m. to 2.00 p. m_ 
45 
14_ 
3.00 p. m. to 3.06 p. m_ 
6 
25_ 
2.57 p. m. to 3.06 p. m_ 
9 
14_ 
3.15 p. m. to 3.20 p. m_ 
5 
26_ 
10.35 a. m. to 10.47 a. m_ 
12 ! 
14_ 
3.36 p. m. to 3.40 p. m_ 
4 
26_ 
12.14 p. m. to 1.00 p. m_ 
46 
14_ 
3.52 p. m. to 3.56 p. m_. 
4 
.'Apr. 13_ 
9.48 a. m. to 9.50 a. m_ 
a 2 
14_ 
4.04 p. m. to 4.10 p. m_ 
6 
13_ 
10.36 a. m. to 11.08 a. m_ 
32 
19_ 
3.18 p. m. to 3.23 p. m_ 
5 
14_ 
10.14 a. m. to 10.19 a. m _ 
5 
19... 
3.23 p. m. to 3.27 p. m _ _ 
4 
14_ 
10.46 a. m. to 10.51 a. m _ 
5 
19..._ 
3.20 p. m. to 3.25 p. m. 
5 
14_ 
10.56 a. m. to 11.04 a. m_ 
- 8 
19_ 
3.25 p. m. to 3.29 p. m_ 
4 
14_ 
11.17 a. m. to 11.21 a. m_ 
4 
19_ 
3.27 p. m. to 3.31 p. m_ 
4 
a Head and two segments free before time was noted. 
LARVAL STAGES 
Development 
Five larval stages were observed 
T>etween the time of hatching and 
pupation. In each case the larvae 
molted after approximately equal feed¬ 
ing periods. They became inactive 
usually within a slight shelter of 
webbing or tied leaves, soon losing 
Table V.— Observations on molting and duration of larval periods of Phlyctaenia 
rubigalis 
to the food contents which are visible 
through the body wall. The black 
color of the head, which is conspicuous 
during the first larval stage, sometimes 
persists until the second molt, after 
which it becomes pale brownish with 
darker blotches on each side. The 
body soon acquires the characteristic 
dark green longitudinal stripes with 
lighter ones on either side. With suc- 
Date of 
hatching 
Dates of molting Duration of larval stages 
Total larval 
period 
1 
"So 
£ 
T3 
G 
O 
o 
o 
GO 
G3 
S-* 
2 
E-i 
£5 
o 
fn 
£t 
£ 
i 4-2 
i 
! 
i £ 
a 
8 
<D 
GO 
.h 
£3 
E-i 
£3 
3 
o 
£3 
£ 
£ 
1921 
Jan. 28_ 
Jan. 29_ 
Feb. 3_ 
Mar. 17... 
Mar. 18. 
Feb. 2._._ 
Feb.3_ 
Feb. 5.. . 
Mar. 20.. 
Feb.5_ 
Feb. 7-9... 
Feb. 9 .... 
Mar. 22-23 
Feb. 9_ 
Feb. 11 ____ 
Feb. 14_ 
Mar. 25... 
Mar. 28... 
Feb. 14-15 
Feb.16_ 
Feb. 19.... 
Mar. 29... 
Apr. 1 . . 
Feb. 20 .... 
...do... 
Feb. 21-25 
Apr. 4_ 
Apr. 6 ... 
Days 
5 
5 
2 
! 3 
3 
3 
3 
4 
3 
3 
4 
4 
4 
4 
3 
Days 
3 
4-6 
4 
2-3 
Days 
4 
2-4 
5 
2-3 
Days 
5-6 
5 
5 
4 
4 
Days 
5-6 
4 
2-6 
6 
5 
Days 
22-24 
22 
18-22 
18 
19 
Mar. 26... 
Apr. 14... 
Apr. 19... 
Apr. 20 
Mar. 29.. 
Apr. 17... 
Apr. 4.. 
6 
Apr. 23 . 
_do_ 
Apr. 30... 
May 3_ 
May 5_ 
Nov. 1 _ 
Nov. 3_ 
Nov. 15... 
May 3_.. 
May 1... 
Mav 9.. 
May 6 _ 
May 12 
May 10-11 
3 
5 
4-5 
Nov. 5._. 
Nov. 7... 
Nov. 18.. 
Nov. 8-10. 
Nov. 10... 
Nov. 21. 
3-5 
3 
3 
Nov. 19... 
Nov. 23_ 
Nov. 30... 
4 
20 
15 
their greenish color, and appearing 
whitish or cream colored before casting 
their skins. Molting frequently oc¬ 
curred over night after which feeding 
was soon resumed. The most con¬ 
spicuous part of the cast skin is the 
chitinized head covering, which is 
usually yellowish brown, becoming 
nearly colorless in the later stages, but 
In the case of the first molt it is black. 
The newly hatched larva (PI. 2, C) 
is about a millimeter long and very 
slender. Its shining translucent, 
creamy-white color changes to pale 
.green as soon as feeding begins, owing 
cessive molts these markings become 
more pronounced and the tubercles 
also become more prominent. There 
is very little change except in size dur¬ 
ing the later stages. The most strik¬ 
ing increase in size appeared to occur 
during the first and in the final stages. 
As illustrated in Table V, the first 
molt may occur from 2 to 5 days after 
hatching, and is usually followed by a 
second molt from 2 to 6 days later, at 
which time the black heads disappear 
and the larvae are approximately 2.5 
mm. long. After feeding from 2 to 5 
days the larva molts for the third 
