320 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXIX, No. r 
was given 0.6 gm. by mouth; first and 
second days, no worms; third day, 4 
whipworms; fourth day negative; 0.6 
gm. by mouth on fourth; fifth day, 
2 whipworms; sixth day, 3 whipworms; 
seventh day negative; eighth day, 1 
whipworm; 0.6 gm. by mouth on eighth 
day; ninth and tenth days negative; 
eleventh day, 1 whipworm; twelfth 
day, 1 whipworm; 0.6 gm. by mouth 
on twelfth day; fecal examination 
negative from thirteenth to twenty- 
sixth day; doses of 0.6 gm. by mouth 
on sixteenth, twentieth, and twenty- 
fifth days; post-mortem, twenty-sixth 
day, 9 ascarids, 14 hookworms, 25 
tapeworms (Dipylidium sp.). Treat¬ 
ment 100 per cent effective against 
whipworms, ineffective against hook¬ 
worms, ascarids, and tapeworms. 
discussion 
Lundsgaard (33) has reported that 
12 days after the last of five doses of 
0.3 to 0.9 gm. of neosalvarsan a human 
patient passed a decomposed strobila 
of Taenia saginata. The present ex¬ 
periments were too brief to determine 
whether novarsenobenzol might simi¬ 
larly affect dog tapeworms. They do 
not indicate that novarsenobenzol in 
single doses subcutaneously or intra¬ 
venously as given is of value in remov¬ 
ing whipworms or other worms from 
dogs. Theoretically, the whipworm, 
which has its head and anterior body 
usually embedded in the mucosa of 
the cecum, or occasionally in that of 
the colon, might be poisoned in feeding 
on blood or serum. The action of che- 
nopodium indicates that something of 
the sort is possible, but apparently 
novarsenobenzol is not a suitable drug 
for the purpose. 
Given by mouth in repeated doses, 
novarsenobenzol removed all whip¬ 
worms, a total of 12, after four doses 
amounting to 2.1 gm., no worms being 
present at the time three subsequent 
doses for a total of 1.8 gm. were given. 
So far as efficacy in repeated doses is 
concerned, this drug is apparently 
capable of replacing santonin in remov¬ 
ing whipworms. Its efficacy by mouth 
is apparently along the lines we have 
previously outlined—that whipworms 
are easily removable by even feeble 
anthelmintics provided the anthelmin¬ 
tic comes in contact with the worms— 
and such contact can be insured by the 
use of repeated doses of a drug of 
relatively low toxicity and little irri¬ 
tant properties, or of large doses of 
such a drug in cases where large doses 
may be used. As regards its safety, 
the dog dosed by mouth showed a 
somewhat darkened liver and some 
inflammation of the small intestine 
after a total of 3.9 gm. administered; 
the findings do not indicate that the 
drug as given is dangerous, although 
little can be concluded from the find¬ 
ings on one animal. The principal 
objection to its use would be its 
expense. % 
TESTS OF TARTAR EMETIC IN 
SOLUTION INTRAVENOUSLY FOR 
WHIPWORMS IN DOGS 
PROTOCOLS 
Dog No. 637; 6.5 kg.; 1 grain in I 
cc. of sterile distilled water; no worms 
on first day; animal died in 24 hours; 
post-mortem showed 5 whipworms, 112 
tapeworms (Dipylidium sp.). Entirely 
ineffective against whipworms and 
tapeworms. This dog showed extensive 
hemorrhages of the stomach and small 
intestine. The liver was yellow and 
friable and on section by Dr. Leigh 
Giltner of the Pathological Division of 
this bureau showed passive congestion 
with capillary hemorrhage, together 
with some atrophy of the cells, perhaps 
resulting from pressure of hyperemia. 
Dog No. 634; 6.5 kg.; 1 grain in 1 
cc. of distilled water; no worms in 4 
days; no post-mortem at this time 
owing to total inefficacy of treatment 
(dog showed whipworm infestation on 
fecal examination). 
Dog No. 633; 12 kg.; 0.5 grain in 1 
cc. sterile distilled water; no worms in 
4 days; no post-mortem at this time 
owing to total inefficacy of treatment 
(dog showed whipworm infestation on 
fecal examination). 
DISCUSSION 
Tartar emetic is well established 
in human medicine as a drug which 
is effective against blood flukes when 
administered intravenously. Theoret¬ 
ically it might be valuable against 
whipworms. The present tests in¬ 
dicate that in single doses of 0.5 to 1 
grain it is not effective, and in certain 
susceptible dogs it may be highly toxic 
in doses of 1 grain. 
TESTS OF A PROPRIETARY DRUG 
FOR TAPEWORMS IN DOGS 
PROTOCOL 
Dog No. 614; 12 kg.; 3.3 cc. (a dose 
rate of 2 minims per pound); first day, 
6 tapeworms; next 3 days negative; # 
