396 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Yol. XXVIII, No. 4 
Table I .—Results, against the tent caterpillar, of spraying wild-cherry foliage 
with inorganic nonarsenical compounds 
1 
! 
Compound 
Rate of application 
(pounds per 50 gal¬ 
lons water) 
Number of insects 
! 
First 
day 
Sec¬ 
ond 
day 
Third 
day 
Fourth 
day 
Fifth 
day 
Sixth 
day 
Sev¬ 
enth 
day 
Per cent killed 
A 
Feeding 
Foliage 
injury 
Dropped 1 
Dead j 
Dropped j 
Dead | 
Dropped j 
T3 
cC 
o> 
Dropped 
Dead 
Dropped 
Dead 
Dropped 
Dead 
Dropped 
Dead 
Barium oxalate.. 
5 
74 
54 
0 
53 
0 
41 
11 
30 
33 
22 
8 
17 
5 
77 
Medium.. 
Slight. 
Barium carbon- 
5 
46 
39 
0 
32 
0 
26 
4 
17 
7 
11 
16 
9 
3 
65 
.do_ 
Do. 
ate. 
‘Rciriiim flimriH 
5 
45 
12 
o 
10 
o 
13 
14 
4 
11 
3 
0 
5 
3 
62 
Slight_ 
Do. 
Barium sulphate. 
5 
56 
1 
0 
i 
6 
0 
0 
0 
Heavy- 
None. 
Barium chro- 
5 
46 
2 
0 
2 
0 
3 
0 
0 
_do_ 
Do. 
mate. 
Barium stearate. 
5 
65 
0 
0 
0 
0 
8 
0 
2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
_do_ 
Do. 
Calcium flucrM 
5 
139 
9 
0 
3 
o 
o 
o 
1 
1 
0 
o 
4 
11 
9 
Slight_ 
Severe. 
Calcium oxalate, 
5 
37 
0 
6 
0 
6 
6 
6 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Heavy_ 
None. 
Lead fluorid 
5 
46 
0 
0 
1 
0 
i 
0 
0 
0 
0 
6 
_ 
1 
11 
37 
Slight_ 
Slight. 
Lead chromate.. 
5 
78 
0 
o 
0 
o 
o 
4 
0 
0 
0 
4 
0 
1 
12 
Medium _. 
None. 
Zinc fluorid 
5 
116 
4 
0 
2 
o 
7 
13 
9 
14 
0 
22 
0 
42 
78 
Slight_ 
Medium. 
Control.... 
97 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
o 
0 
0 
0 
6 
. 0 
0 
0 
Heavy- 
Table II.— Results, against the Japanese beetle, of spraying or dusting smartweed 
with inorganic nonarsenical compounds 
ag 
O C8 
hi) 
■ 02 
Number dead 
cCO 
b 
Compound 
Rate of applic 
(pounds per 5 
Ions water) 
w 
p 
V-l 
o 
<s> 
B 
3 
% 
First day 
Second day 
Third day 
Fourth day 
Fifth day 
Sixth day 
Seventh day 
Per cent killed 
Feeding 
Foliage 
injury 
Barium oxalate *.. 
5 
20 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
2 
0 
20 
Heavy.. 
None. 
Barium carbonate_ 
5 
20 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
! 0 
0 
...do..... 
Do. 
Bismuth carbonate 
2 
20 
0 
0 
1 
0 
0 
i 
5 
...do_ 
Do. 
Lead antimonate.___ 
2 
20 
1 
0 
0 
5 
...do_ 
Do. 
Do 
5 
20 
0 
0 
1 
0 
5 
...do. 
Do. 
Antimony trisulphid 
2 
20 
0 
! o 
0 
...do_ 
Do. 
Do . 
5 
20 
0 
o 
l_ _ _ _ 
0 
...do_ 
Slight. 
Sodium fluorid ___ 
(a) 
20 
3 
! ii 
1 
70 
Slight... 
Severe. 
Control 
20 
0 
1 ° 
0 
0 
0 
i 0 
0 
i 
0 
Heavy.. 
i 
1 
a Dusted. 
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 
CYANIDS 
Considerable work was done on simple and complex metallic cyanids with the 
dea of finding a cyanid that would be comparatively stable on foliage, and yet 
would break down in the alimentary canal of the insect with the liberation of 
deadly hydrocyanic acid. 
The so-called lead cyanid is not a simple cyanid of the formula Pb(CN) 2 , 
but is a basic salt containing but a small percentage of CN, which varies with 
the concentrations of the solutions used in its precipitation, and with the extent 
of its exposure to air and moisture after preparation. Statements in several 
textbooks in regard to this cyanid conflict. The observations of Williams 2 
were confirmed by preparation and analysis of the cyanid in the laboratory. 
The ineffectiveness of this compound was thought to be due to the low percentage 
of CN and its rapid volatility in the form of HCN. 
* Williams, H. E— the chemistry of cyanogen compounds. 423 p. London. 1915. 
