1060 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXVIII, No. 11 
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 
Supplementing Cobb’s description: The two lateral wings may be rather 
well developed or more or less lacking. Each of the three main lips (one dorsal 
and two ventro-submedial) separated from each other by a rather deep incision 
(PI. 1 B), is again divided by a shallow concavity into two points, each with a 
papilla (PI. 1, A and C). The two lateral points of the ventro-submedial lips, 
somewhat smaller than the others, apparently bear the amphids. They are 
very difficult to see, open behind the lateral lips, and are slightly shifted dorsad 
(PI. 1, Aa and C and PI. 4, E and F). The exceedingly narrow opening is circular 
or oval-shaped, and leads into a long, somewhat conical cavity (amphidial pouch). 
Within the latter a small number of fine fibers, possibly six, can be seen; they 
show spindle-shaped swellings (PI. 4, Ca and D) and are very similar to the 
elements in the chemical sense organs of other animals (organs of taste as well 
as organs of smell). It may, therefore, be quite safe to regard these amphids as 
the chemical sense organs of the present species until a better or more exact 
explanation can be given. The figures (PL 4, C, D, E, and F) make any longer 
description needless. A front view shows six papillae; the lateral are slightly 
smaller (PI. 1, E). The mouth cavity (PI. 1, A and E) agrees with Cobb’s 
data, but it differs from sketches of Cephalobus elongatus by De Man and Mar- 
cinowski. 
The cardiac valvular apparatus (PI. 1, D) consists of three groups of cutinized 
parts; the valves have the usual ribbed structure (PL 1, D); two other groups 
of three elements each occur farther back (Pl. 1, D, valves 2 and 3). These 
drawings are from live specimens. Any given circumference of the intestine 
comprises only two cells (Pl. 1, F). 
Examination of over 30 specimens showed the excretory pore usually ventrad 
of the middle of the cardiac bulb, seldom fore or aft; the alimentary tube being 
capable of forward and backward movement, the relative position of pore and 
bulb changes somewhat even in the same specimen. The well developed outlet 
leading to the excretory pore is connected with at least one large and two or 
three smaller cells ventrad of the beginning of the oesophagus (renette cells or 
ventral glands). 
Cobb described the female sexual apparatus. Plate 2, A, shows the part 
of the uterus which serves as the receptaculum seminis with the sperms in an 
interesting arrangement. Each relatively large sperm consists of a transparent 
part, well separated from a straight-edged, granulated part, and along this edge 
the rod-like granules are all similarly placed. In many other nemas the sper¬ 
matozoa take on a definite orientation within the receptaculum, as if influenced 
by some tropism; the head is then directed towards the outlet of the oviduct and 
the sperms are massed together as if competing for the place nearest the 
arriving egg. Here no such condition of the sperms can be seen; as Plate 2, A 
shows, the clear transparent part of the spermatozoa, perhaps corresponding to 
the “glanzkorper” of the Ascaris sperms, may be orientated any way. It may be 
added that these sperms are capable of amoeboid movements. Plate 4, B, a-i, 
are sketches made of such moving sperms; the pseudopodial processes are only 
finely granulated, the larger granules resting behind; they then show no such 
definite arrangement as sketched in Plate 2, A. 
No description of the male has been published. The sexual number is 53.1, 
that is, to every 100 females there are 53.1 males. (A total number of 170 
specimens was examined with regard to sex.) In the single, reflexed, male sexual 
organ, vesicula seminalis and ductus ejaculatorius are not well set off from each 
other. Plate 1, G and H illustrate the curved, paired and symmetrical spicula, 
each with a strengthening rib and a somewhat cephalated proximal end. A 
