1152 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXVIII, No. 11 
The best germination took place on partly burned deep leaf duff and bare soil, 
and the burned surfaces in general showed better germination than the unburned 
plots. The fairly prompt germination on deep ashes is worth noting. This is 
the surface that gave greatest germination the first season. On the unburned 
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Fig. 1.—Some earlier results of germination and survival on different surfaces, by species. The 
three horizontal bars opposite each species indicate (1) germination, per cent of seed sown; (2) 
survival, spring of 1915, per cent of germination; (3) average height in inches, fall of 1917 
surfaces the second year's germination, which is a marked characteristic of western 
white pine, was by far the strongest; in fact,^practically all of it occurred during 
the second season. In the matter of survival the differences are less distinct, but, 
taking it all in all, the burned surfaces showed results fully as good as the unburned. 
It should be mentioned also that the seedlings on the ashes and the bare soil were 
taller and sturdier than those on unburned ground, and that the survival of the 
trees germinating on the burned surface showed an exceptionally high percent¬ 
age. 
