June 2 i, 1924 Effect of Winter Rations on Pasture Gains of Steers 1219 
DIAGRAMS OF GAINS AND LOSSES 
The seven charts, Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 show the gains and losses of the 
steers by 28-day periods, except as noted under “ Method of feeding and handling 
the steers.” The first six show the effect of the six rations under comparison 
for the three years they were used, one chart being used for each ration. The 
seventh chart shows the average gains for three years for each of the six rations. 
Horizontal distance on the charts indicates the number of days that the steers 
were fed during the three winters and pastured during the three summers. The 
average data on which each monthly period began are given also. The average 
length of the total period for the three years was 259 days, of which 124 days 
were in the winter period, and the remaining 135 in the summer period. 
Vertical distance on the chart represents changes in the live weights of the 
steers. The weights corresponding to each of the horizontal lines are given 
along the left side of the chart. As the average initial weight of each lot varied 
from year to year, the average initial weight per steer for three years is used 
as a basis in each chart for showing the gains made by each lot each year. 
Much of the difference caused by the winter feeding was overcome during the 
summer. On April 28 there was a difference of 95 pounds between the highest 
and lowest lots; on June 23, 50 pounds; and on September 10, 33 pounds. 
CORRELATIONS 
On account of the variations in the average gains of the six lots during the 
three years, as shown in Table IV, the correlations between the winter, summer, 
midsummer, and total gains of all the steers based on the losses and gains of each 
steer have been calculated to substantiate the conclusions indicated by the aver¬ 
age gains of each lot for three years. Consequently Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12, are 
presented to show the positions of the individual steers, when they are plotted 
according to their winter, summer, midsummer, and total variations in weight. 
Accordingly, the following results have been obtained: 
Winter gain 
Summer gain 
■ Total gain 
Mean.... 
Pounds 
44.0 
60.1 
Pounds 
297.7 
62.7 
Pounds 
a 342.2 
67.6 
Standard deviation_ 
* The sum of the mean winter and summer gain is 341.7 while the mean for the total gain is 342.2, the 
discrepancy being due in all probability to the grouping of the gains in classes of 10 pounds range. 
Correlations 
Winter-summer. _ __ _ 
Winter-midsummer_ __ 
Winter-total_ _ _ 
Summer-total__ _ _ 
-0.572 
__ - .480 
- + .429 
+ . 493 
=b0. 034 
± . 038 
db . 041 
± . 038 
Regressions 
Total/winter_ _ __ _ 
Summer/winter- _ _- _ - 
Midsummer total/winter. _* _ 
Midsummer/winter__ __ -- 
+0. 407 
- . 593 
. 616 
- . 384 
According to the regressions, 100 pounds advantage in weight at the end of 
the winter is reduced to 61.6 pounds after 54 days on grass and to 40.7 pounds 
after 136 days on grass. In other words, during the first 54 days on grass, 38.4 
pounds is lost of 100 pounds advantage as compared with 21.3 pounds lost during 
the rest of the summer period of 82 days, making a total loss of 59.3 pounds for 
the whole summer period. 
