Jail, s, 1924 
3 
Physiological Studies on Apples in Storage 
that the fruit has attained will often be an important consideration in 
determining when the fruit should be picked. 
Increase in size of the fruit, at least during the latter part of the grow¬ 
ing season, appears to be due largely to increase in size of the individual 
cells rather than to increase in their number. Consequently, fruit which 
attains large size will be composed of larger cells, and will be less firm 
and compact in texture than small or medium sized apples of the same 
variety. Medium or small sized fruit with compact firm texture is almost 
invariably superior for storage purposes to large size fruits, but the 
Fig. 2. —Increase in diameter and in volume of Winesap apples at Arlington, Va., 1919. 
market usually pays a premiun for large size in apples. Cummings and 
Lombard (9) have pointed out an apparent association between size of 
cells and storage quality in apples. 
CHANGES IN COLOR ASSOCIATED WITH RIPENING ON THE TREE 
The changes in color as the fruit ripens on the tree are twofold. There 
is a gradual increase in the red pigment developed in the subepidermal 
cells, the color increasing both in area and in intensity as the season 
advances. At the same time, the green or ground color gradually gives 
way to greenish yellow and finally to yellow. 
