192 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXVII, No. 4 
He also states that both F. moniforme and C. sacchari grew out of many 
platings and that in these cases only the organism that appeared first 
was considered. As F. moniliforme is a faster-growing organism than 
the so-called C. sacchari, the above statement on the relative occurrence 
of these two organisms may be misleading. 
In comparing closely related species the size of the spores is a very 
important character. For this reason the spore measurements of C. 
acremonium , C. sacchari , Acrostalagmus albus , and Hyalopus yvonis are 
presented in Table X, which also includes the names of the investigators 
making the measurements and the dates of publication. 
Table X .—Names of investigators, dates of publications, and spore measurements 
recorded by each author for a number of species and subspecies of C. acremonium , C. 
sacchari, Acrostalagmus albus, and Hyalopus yvonis 
Name of investigator. 
Date. 
Name of organism. 
Spore measurements. 
Length. 
Breadth. 
Fresenius . 
1863 
1878 
1902 
1907 
1921 
C. acremonium . 
Microns. 
3 - 3-6 
A 
Microns. 
Saccardo . 
.do . 
I 
Oudemans & Koning . . 
Bainier . 
.do . 
T 
A 
I-I .5 
.do . 
T 
2 . 5-5 
4.8-6 
Ciferri . 
.do . 
1.8 
Estimated average . 
4-5 
i -35 
• 
Penzier . 
1882 
C. acremoniumform major . 
4 - 5-5 
4-5 
3 - 3 “ 3-5 
10 
2-2.5 
2 
Grove a . 
1893 
1882 
.do . 
Preuss . 
Acrostalagmus albus . 
i-i *5 
4 
Massee, G . 
1887 
1906 
I 9 I 3 
C. acremonium form unisepta- 
tum. 
Hyalopus yvonis . 
Dop, P . 
A 
T 
1-1 -5 
2-3 
Butler & Khan . 
C. sacchari . 
4-12 
a Spores more oblong than Corda’s figures (p). 
The following is a translation of the description of C. acremonium Corda 
by Fresenius (77, p. 94-95 ): 
On leaves of Zea mais, which became moist while being dried. 
Delicate white mold. From creeping branched mycelium, which by strong 
magnification does not show septation plainly, arises, like the stalks in a spindle of a 
raceme, simple, nonseptate, conidiophores of practically equal length, which, at 
times plainly swollen at the base, gradually taper to a point like an awl and 
each bears a round head consisting of many spores held together by slime. These 
conidiophores develop either singly or crowded almost in whorls; they occur also 
with two terminal spore heads as in Figures 59 and fio; in the latter two very short 
projections can be seen which indicate that, in this case, both heads stood very close 
together. When placed in a drop of water, the spore heads dissolve immediately 
and the spores are dispersed. The spores vary considerably in size and form; they 
measure 1/300-1/170 mm. in length and, in outline, vary in shape from oval to oblong 
or almost linear (Fig. 4). 
The general habit of the fungus strongly suggests that of Acremonium; except in 
the latter genus only a single spore is borne on the end of each conidiophore. The 
conidiophores with their spore heads are somewhat similar to Hyalopus. 
Norton and Chen (34) reported a corn seed parasite in 1920 which they 
thought may have been described as Oospora, Cephalosporium, Acrosta¬ 
lagmus, or Verticillium. The occurrence of spores that are sometimes 
