6 l2 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXVII, No. & 
singly or more often in groups (PI. i, C, E). As many as 14 ascocarps 
developed in one group. The larger ascocarps developed to maturity, 
but some of the smaller ones had not matured by the time the cultures 
dried. 
CULTURES ON RUBUS STEMS 
Four similar tubes containing blackberry stems with a few leaves 
were sterilized, inoculated, and treated in the same manner as previously 
described for apple roots. The mycelium which developed was light to 
dull green and felty but less luxuriant than on the apple roots. The 
cultures fruited sparingly, one having several small ascocarps on the 
midrib of a leaf, another with several fruiting in different stages of 
development at the base of the stem. Even the smallest ascocarps 
matured. 
cultures made for comparison with those of viala and pacottet 
In view of the fact that in the writer’s cultures described above 
ascocarps were developed without the fungus producing any intermediate 
spore forms such as the conidia reported by Viala and Pacottet (55), she 
has endeavored to grow the fungus in such a way as to duplicate as nearly as 
possible the cultures described by them. The writer’s methods were as 
follows: Two 2-liter flasks were filled to a depth of 6 or 7 cm.with kid¬ 
ney-bean juice with per cent tartaric acid and 5 per cent sugar added. 
(The fungus did not grow on media made with 1 per cent tartaric acid 
as specified by Viala and Pacottet.) These were steamed for three 
successive days. They were inoculated with bits of mycelium from 
single ascospore cultures. No. 1 was kept in the light at room temper¬ 
ature averaging 20 to 25 0 C., No. 2 was treated in the same way for five 
months, then put into a refrigerator with temperature at about ioto 12 0 
C. About a week after inoculation, one colony grew on the surface of 
each and within a day or two showed a greenish color. These colonies 
soon appeared warty, raised at the edges, and depressed in the center, 
which was yellowish green. Around the colonies the liquid was irides¬ 
cent, forming a film. A month or so later the colonies appeared heavy 
and fell to the bottom. In flask No. 1 the colony grew considerably and 
formed numerous rounded protuberances covered with whitish mycelium, 
giving them a fluffy appearance. Some of the nodules were as large as 
1 to 1 y 2 cm. in diameter. The main part of the colony was dark, with 
some brownish accretions or precipitate from the liquid. Several months 
later flask No. 2, which had been in the refrigerator for some time, 
showed 12 or 15 immersed colonies, while the other flask had only 3 
or 4. Some had greenish to deep-green zones, while one or two appeared 
deep green and warty only at the center. None of the colonies adhered 
to the glass, as was the case in Viala and Pacottet’s cultures, but all 
remained separate and free in the liquid. They were subspherical or 
hemispherical, but had no stalks such as they describe. Microscopically, 
all showed mycelium with numerous rounded subhyaline swellings, often 
occurring singly or in rows of 3 or 4. The mycelium was of a slightly 
yellowish or yellowish-brown tinge. Viala and Pacottet called these 
bodies chlamydosporic fruits, and the rounded swellings chlamydospores. 
It is a well-known fact that the mycelium of many species of fungi which 
grow for a long time in culture becomes abnormal, and the ceils become 
misshapen so as to resemble chlamydospores. Viala and Pacottet did 
