PLATE 3. 
Transverse section of boxelder cut down in November, 1922, showing the 
heartrot of Fomes applanatus in the central heartwood, surrounding this is a dark 
band of red stain with five projecting areas all halting abruptly on the same annual 
ring. The sapwood shows scattered individual infections by the red stain fungus 
which entered through the injuries produced by sapsuckers. At the division line 
between the two annual rings last formed are found eight of these infections. One 
of these injuries had not been healed and the direct relation is shown between 
the red stain area and the cavity in the bark and cambium produced by the bird. 
Three of the “bird pecks** are shown in longitudinal section or the wood. 
