Jan. 15, 1925 
Scale Insects of the Subfamily Ortheziinae 
147 
suggested, however, that it was pos¬ 
sibly introduced at this point from a 
higher altitude through deposition of 
driftwood or other trash from upstream, 
and its recent discovery in such a high¬ 
er altitude, toward the headwaters of 
the stream along which it was first 
found, tends to strengthen this hypoth¬ 
esis. 
The host relations of the species of 
the genus are not altogether certain, 
but it seems probable that its members 
may feed either on fungus hyphae of 
the types that form long rootlike cords 
extending over and through rotted 
wood, or on the more or less exposed 
roots of higher plants. 
The two species now included in 
this genus may be separated by the 
following key: 
KEY TO SPECIES OF THE GENUS 
NEWSTEADIA 
a. Antennae normally 6-segmented; 
no elongate, transverse, chitin- 
ous thickening ventrally and 
posteriorly just inside ovisac 
band; intermediate dorsal ab¬ 
dominal spine bands narrow, 
constricted, but not definitely 
interrupted where crossing the 
median line; length about 1.6 
mm_ floccosa (De Geer). 
aa. Antennae normally 7-segmented; 
with a distinct, elongate, trans¬ 
verse, chitinous thickening ven¬ 
trally and posteriorly just in¬ 
side ovisac band; intermediate 
dorsal abdominal spine bands 
broader, strongly constricted 
and nearly, if not quite, inter¬ 
rupted over the median line; 
length about 2.7 mm- 
_ americana, new species. 
NEWSTEADIA AMERICANA, NEW SPECIES 
Figs. 39 and 40; PI. 2, J 
Occurring in moist situations be¬ 
neath rotten bark, on rotten logs, and 
in trash; possibly feeding on the roots 
of trees, shrubs, or plants that had 
forced their way into the situation 
mentioned; no definite host or hosts 
assignable. 
Adult female. —Completely cov¬ 
ered dorsally by heavy, definitely ar¬ 
ranged plates of secretion, and at maturi¬ 
ty secreting an ovisac equaling or some¬ 
times exceeding the body in length; 
maximum length of body and ovisac 
secretion 6 millimeters, width 3 milli¬ 
meters; dorsal secretion arranged as 
follows: 1 large, median, triangular 
plate projecting from the anterior 
apex of the body; 1 similar but much 
smaller just behind this; 7 large, trans¬ 
verse, paired median plates, separated 
by a fairly distinct median impressed 
division line, of which the second, 
third, and fourth from the anterior end 
are the largest and of which the first 
3 protrude diagonally forward and up¬ 
ward, the fourth directly upward, and 
the remaining 3 diagonally outward 
and slightly backward, all these not 
standing up prominently, but rather 
flattened; posterior to the last paired 
plate with a relatively long and narrow 
single median wax plate protruding 
backward above the anal opening, and 
beneath this plate with a much smaller 
paired plate, with its parts often fused 
more or less distinctly to the single plate 
above and wholly concealed as the 
insect is viewed from above; lateral 
secretion, as distinct from that forming 
the ovisac, composed of 4 stout, curved, 
somewhat fingerlike plates, of which the 
posterior is much the longest and flat¬ 
tened and curved around the anterior 
ends of the ovisac; ovisac usually dis¬ 
tinctly ribbed, the dorsal half made up 
of 8 overlapping ribs, ventral half made 
up of almost smooth or at most very 
finely striated secretion strongly curved 
to inclose numerous oval eggs, these pale 
yellow, at least after death; body ven¬ 
trally likewise completely covered with 
secretion arranged in definite plates; 
body of female, as mounted on slide, 
short oval, sometimes nearly circular; 
average length 2.5 millimeters, average 
width 2.2 millimeters; derm membran¬ 
ous except for appendages and a single, 
elongate, transverse, more or less dis¬ 
tinctly chitinized ventral plate posterior 
to the genital opening; antennae nor¬ 
mally 7-segmented, rarely 5- or 6-seg¬ 
mented, the basal segment very long 
and stout, the second segment about 
as long as the first, but much more 
slender, and more or less distinctly 
constricted just before the apex, the 
remaining segments much shorter and 
progressively shorter up to the next to 
the last, apical segment about as long 
as second and with a long slender spine 
and 1 stout seta at its tip, the average 
length of the different segments in 
microns as follows: I, 268; II, 221; III, 
61; IV, 54; V, 46; VI, 46; VII, 196; 
apical spine, 114; various antennal 
segments with a number of slender 
spines, those of the intermediate seg¬ 
ments on the apical margins of each 
and those on the remaining segments 
more or less scattered through the 
length except on the basal, here more 
