1100 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXX, No. 12 
is very low, such areas really representing a low- 
greensand-content phase of the Collington fine 
sandy loam. 
Collington fine sandy loam, shallow phase (No. 
IS).— In this phase the surface layer of fine sandy 
loam or loamy fine sand is not so deep as in the 
typical soil, ranging from 4 to 12 inches in thick¬ 
ness. This soil comprises a few very small patches 
at the north ends of Plots IVe and IVf and Plots 1 
and 2 of Field I and the north end of the lime plots 
where the underlying sandy clay or silty clay loam 
is exposed at the surface in some places. None of 
this phase is found on the lower benches. It is 
most important in the eastern half of the upper 
bench. 
Collington fine sandy loam, deep phase (No. 10 ).— 
This phase includes areas of Collington fine sandy 
loam in which the surface and subsurface layers 
extend to a depth of about 22 to 30 inches before the 
sandy clay subsoil is reached. The soil is a brown 
fine sandy loam or loamy fine sand, while the sub¬ 
surface layer is a yellow to yellowish-brown sandy 
loam to loamy fine sand, rather loose in some places. 
Most of the special potash plots and parts of the 
special potash and magnesium plots of the lower 
bench, as well as fairly large area of all of the fields 
on the upper bench of the eastern part of the farm, 
consist of this soil. 
Collington fine sandy loam, sandy subsoil phase 
(No. 8) .—In this phase the surface layer is a brown 
fine sandy loam or heavy fine sandy loam, while the 
subsurface consists of yellow or yellowish-brown, 
somewhat compact fine sandy loam. At a depth 
of about 18 to 24 inches there is a coarser-textured, 
more open brown sandy loam or yellow loamy sand, 
which' continues with but little or no change to 
depths of 36 inches or more. This phase is of small 
total extent, and is restricted in occurrence to the 
southern part of Field IV. 
Collington loamy sand (No. S).—This soil is a 
brown medium sand containing some coarse sand 
and fine gravel. At about 8 to 10 inches yellowish- 
brown or yellow loamy sand, with considerable 
greensand material, comes in and continues to 
depths of 3 feet or more. Some gravel is present, 
particularly near areas of gravelly sandy loam, and 
on these slopes where there are gravel outcrops. 
This type occupies much of the supplementary 
special nitrogen and the special potash plots; it 
also occurs in the southwestern corner of the special 
nitrogen plots on the lower bench and covers about 
one-third of Field II on the second level. On the 
higher level it is found only in the tobacco rotation 
plots. 
Collington fine sandy loam, heavy subsoil phase 
(No. 11).— This phase includes variations in which 
the lower subsoil at depths of about 32 to 36 inches 
consists of a yellowish to yellowish-brown sandy 
clay. In places some small gravel is found, and 
greensand is present in the subsoil and in lesser 
amount in the soil. It occurs chiefly in the supple¬ 
mentary special nitrogen and special potash plots, 
in Field II and in the tobacco rotation plots. 
Collington fine sandy loam, gravely subsoil phase 
(No. Ug).— This phase differs from the typical 
Collington fine sandy loam in having a subsoil of 
sandy clay containing a considerable amount of 
gravel at depths below about 24 inches. Areas of 
this phase occur in the supplementary special 
nitrogen plots, in the special potash and magnesium 
plots on the lower level, and in Fields I, IV, and 
V, and the lime plots in the higher level. 
Collington gravelly sandy loam (No. 9).— This type 
is a light-brown gravelly sandy loam, which passes 
into light yellowish-brown sandy loam at depths 
of about 8 to 10 inches, this, in ton, passing into 
yellowish-brown friable sandy clay at about 24 
inches. The subsoil is gravelly, In places being 
difficult to bore into with the soil auger. The sub¬ 
soil contains varying amounts of greensand, the 
lower part containing the higher percentage. This 
type is found in the special nitrogen and supple¬ 
mentary special nitrogen and special potash plots, 
in plot IVd of the tobacco rotation plots, and in 
sections B and C of Field IV. 
Table I .—Chemical analysis “ of greensand and Collington sandy loam 
Table II .—Monthly record of rainfall, in inches, on experimental fields for April, 
May, June, July, August, and September, 1912-1923 
Month 
1912 
1913 * 
1914 
1915 
1916 
1917 
1918 
1919 
1920 
1921 
1922 
1923 
April. 
May. 
June. 
July. 
August. 
September. 
Total. 
0.62 
1.31 
4.74 
5. 18 
.68 
6.13 
6.18 
6.07 
1.81 
1.54 
3.89 
3.35 
*4.04 
«1.67 
2.68 
2.69 
2.80 
.16 
*1.33 
2.33 
2.40 
3.05 
7.40 
.45 
1.63 
5.82 
6.03 
2 02 
3.45 
2.22 
3.00 
3.18 
1.46 
1.77 
6.05 
2.00 
2.27 
2.11 
5.66 
1.99 
3.91 
6.66 
2.29 
6.64 
4.30 
1.69 
4.81 
1.06 
5.72 
2.83 
4.30 
3.32 
2.78 
5.07 
“ .77 
3.14 
2.88 
1.82 
1.10 
4.60 
8.26 
6.74 
3.82 
.63 
3.23 
1.78 
2.99 
3.72 
2.86 
2.53 
18.66 
22.84 
14.04 
16.96 
21.86 15.08 
20.08 | 25.49 
22.04 16.46 
25.15 | 17.11 
» Data for 1913 and for April and May, 1914, and April, 1915, are those of the Weather Bureau for Chel¬ 
tenham, Md., about 5 miles distant. 
