1136 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXX, No. 12 
considerable damage by tearing down 
trellises and breaking vines. With the 
exception of about a dozen varieties 
which showed more or less injury from 
these causes, the vineyard was in excel¬ 
lent condition when the collection of 
samples was begun in 1919. 
The varietal plantings from which 
the fruit used in the studies here re¬ 
ported was taken occupy a rectangular 
block of 10 acres, situated on the crown 
of a low, flattened ridge which runs 
northeast and southwest. The plot is 
not perfectly level but is on gentle 
southern and northern slopes, with the 
western edge sloping slightly toward 
the northwest. The difference in ele¬ 
vation is not more than 5 or 6 feet, 
except at the extreme northwestern 
corner. The elevation above sea level 
at the center of the plot is 118.5 feet. 
The rows of vines run northeast to 
southwest. 
The total number of varieties in the 
vine.yarcj is 67. The main planting 
consists of 144 vines each of the fol¬ 
lowing 27 varieties: Brilliant, Camp¬ 
bell Earlv, Catawba, Concord, Cyn- 
thiana, Delaware, Diana, Dutchess, 
Elvira, Goethe, Herbemont, Herbert, 
Ives, Lenoir, Lindley, Montefiore, 
Moore Early, Niagara, Noah, Norton, 
Pocklington, Salem, Vergennes, Win- 
chell, Wilder, Woodruff, and Worden; 
with 72 vines each of the 5 varieties: 
Clevener, Diogenes, Franklin, King 
Philip, and Martha. As each row in 
the vineyard contained 72 vines, each 
variety of the group of 27 varieties 
first named occupied two full rows, 
and each variety of the last-named 
group occupied one row. In order to. 
avoid any differences due to the dif¬ 
ferent conditions on the north and 
south slopes, the planting of each va¬ 
riety was distributed equally between, 
•north and south sides of the vineyard. 
In addition to the principal plant¬ 
ings, a plot lying on the eastern side 
of the main block had been planted to 
10 vines each of the following 31 varie¬ 
ties: Agawam, Barry, Berckmans, 
Brighton, Canada, Centennial, Cole- 
rain, Champion, Diamond, Eaton, 
Early Daisy, Early Victor, Eumelan, 
Gaertner, Isabella, Iona, Jefferson, 
Hartford, Lampasas, Lucile, Lady, 
Massasoit, Merrimac, Missouri Ries¬ 
ling, Nectar, Perkins, Rommel, Ulster, 
and three varieties designated in the 
records as “Studley No. 2,” “Seibel 
Hybrid No. 1,” and “Seibel Hybrid 
No. 2.” In addition, there were in the 
original plantings four to six vines each 
of Beta, Dakota, “Dutchess seedling,” 
Downing, Geyer, Husmann, Rebecca, 
“ Viticultural No. 3405,” and “Viticul- 
tural No. 3506.” Of these, only 
“Dutchess seedling” and Rebecca bore 
fruit, and these only in 1922 and 1923. 
At the time this work was begun in 
1918 no vines of Beta remained living, 
and the vines of Downing, Geyer, and 
Husmann never bore more than an 
occasional cluster of fruit. The varie¬ 
ties designated as “Viticultural No. 
3405” and “Viticultural No. 3406” bore 
occasional clusters of small, worthless 
fruit and there was an entire failure 
to mature. The block of vines desig¬ 
nated as “Studley No. 2” contained 
two varieties neither of which was 
Studley No. 2 and neither of which 
has been positively identified. Conse¬ 
quently none of these varieties appears 
in the reports, of analyses. 
In order to test various types and 
amounts of fertilizer and different meth¬ 
ods of pruning and training, the vine¬ 
yard had been divided, at the time of 
planting, at right angles to the rows of 
vines, into 12 plots each 6 vines in 
width. These 6 vines were pruned and 
trained by different methods, the first 
by low renewal, the second by four-arm 
renewal, the third by high renewal, the 
fourth by the fan system, and the fifth 
and sixth by the Munson system. A 
thirteenth plot contained, all the small 
plantings of 10 vines of a variety with a 
few vines each of miscellaneous varie¬ 
ties forming a border. Each of the 
larger plantings extended across the 
other 12 plots, hence had equal num¬ 
bers of vines trained by each of the sys¬ 
tems except the Munson, which had 
twice as many as any of the others. 
The effects of injury from the attack 
by rootworm in 1917 and 1918 were 
evident in a number of varieties for sev¬ 
eral years in the form of slow growth, 
deficient vigor, and light yields. The 
varieties which were obviously not nor¬ 
mal in condition in 1918 were Brilliant, 
Campbell Early, Catawba, Cynthiana, 
Colerain, Early Victor, Iona, Jefferson, 
Lady, Lenoir, Nectar, Norton, Pock¬ 
lington, and Woodruff. By careful 
handling and restricting the crop they 
were allowed to carry, Catawba, Cyn¬ 
thiana, Brilliant, Nectar, Colerain, 
Pocklington, Norton, and Jefferson 
were brought back to normal vigor and 
fruitfulness in 1919. A considerable 
number of vines of Campbell Early and 
Iona had died or been cut back to the 
ground so that only a part of the origi¬ 
nal vines were bearing; those not cut 
back made only partial recovery, but 
the new growth from old stumps was 
normal. Lady, Early Victor, Nectar, 
and Woodruff remained below normal 
in vigor of growth and size of crop 
throughout the experiments, Woodruff 
