1194 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXX, No. 12 
Table XII .—Reproduction count by DOUBLE BURN 1889 AND 1910 
age classes , double burns of 1870 and 
1910, southerly aspect, 1923 upper south and west aspects 
Age class 
Seedlings 
per acre 
White 
pine 
1 year.... 
2 years. 
3 years. 
4 years. 
5 years. 
Number 
Per cent 
.3* 
.I66 
fi years. 
7 years. 
.7" 
.57 
8 years. 
9 years. 
10 years... 
11 years.. 
3 
7 
14 
14 
13 years. 
3 
12 
TOPS AND BENCHES 
Studies of natural reproduction on 
the tops and ridges throughout the 
Deep Creek area indicate restocking 
chiefly to lodgepole pine. One tally 
shows the following per acre: 
Total per 
acre 
Per cent 
WWP. 
77 
7.7 
WF. 
38 
3.8 
WL. 
69 
6.9 
DF. 
15 
1.5 
WH. 
31 
3.1 
LPP.- 
770 
77.0 
Total - 
1 000 
100 
This shows a large predominance of 
lodgepole pine, but a few white pine 
seedlings appear here and there under¬ 
neath the lodgepole saplings. The ages 
are in general 7 to 13 years, indicating 
little or extremely scant seed dispersion 
during the last five years. 
A study of the migration of western 
larch toward the south and southwest 
from a group of green western larch 
at j on the top of the ridge shows 
effective seed dispersion to a distance 
of 8 chains from the live trees follow¬ 
ing the 1910 burn, with a total of 870 
seedlings per acre, 6 per cent of which 
are white pine and 55 per cent western 
larch. The ages of the larch seedlings 
range from 1 to 13 years. This phase 
of the study was not completed for 
the 1870 and 1910 burns. 
The reproduction study of this area 
is far from complete. The work done 
has, however, helped to clear up certain 
points as to the origin of the present 
conditions and the causes responsible 
for similar results elsewhere. 
On the upper south and west aspects 
along the Idaho-Montana Divide oc¬ 
curred two very hard burns in 1889 
and 1910. The first, which resulted 
from the “Chloride boom” near Pend 
Oreille Lake, appears to have crossed 
the divide from the Montana side and 
to have met the prevailing wind and 
stopped in the dense forest at an eleva¬ 
tion of about 4,000 feet. The 1910 fire 
approached with considerable speed 
from the south and west, destroyed the 
splendid reproduction which had started 
since 1889, and crossed the divide into 
Montana. 
This double burn is interesting, both 
from the standpoint of reproduction 
and of succession, in that barely 
enough time elapsed for seed production 
on the young stand before the second 
fire and also because of a widespread 
growth of dense snow brush. 
Previous to the 1889 fire there was 
a mature and well-developed stand here, 
chiefly western larch and Douglas fir, 
with some white pine and white fir. 
Douglas fir showed up strongest on 
the dry sites. Some of these firs and 
a few of the larches have survived both 
fires and now remain as small scattered 
groups or isolated single trees, but 
entirely too few to restock the area 
adequately. 
A tally made on an area of 1.56 
acres gave the following data per acre: 
Seedlings 
Per cent 
WWP. 
WF... 
WL... 
DF_ 
wn... 
LPP.. 
ES.... 
AF.... 
4.5 
3.5 
13 
4 
2 
2 
0 
0 
A total of 29 seedlings per acre gave 
15 per cent white pine. These pines 
were from 8 to 12 years old, and were 
