Mar. 1, 1925 
Calorimetric Investigations with Cattle 
395 
Table II .—Observed and computed heat production of cows 
Experiment No. 
221a_ 
221a. 
221a. 
221e. 
221c. 
221d 
221d. 
I 
Cow Period Dry or in 
No. No. milk 
631 
615 
579 
885 
886 
885 
886 
[I_ 
In milk... 
do. 
Dry_ 
I!,-:::-: 
\ii- 
[ill_ 
II_ 
HI_ 
[ill _ 
I_ 
In milk... 
__.do. 
...do. 
.-.do... 
...do. 
-..do.. 
...do.. 
...do_ 
...do_ 
...do. 
...do_ 
Dry... 
HI_ 
...do.. 
[ill _ 
in.:::::; 
[ill _ 
-..do... 
-..do.. 
...do_ 
...do.. 
Heat production 
in 24 hours 
Com¬ 
puted 
Difference 
Observed; 
Gain by 
animal 
Calories 
+221.4 
+3, 663. 2 
+3, 863. 5 
+502. 0 
-160. 7 
-650. 3 
+384. 7 
+686. 7 
-2, 883. 6 
-2,957. 5 
-4, 830.4 
+2, 976. 8 
-1, 228. 2 
+3,018. 2 
+730. 6 
+4,410.1 
+366.9 
+897. 8 
+4,389. 2 
+895. 5 
Calories 
11, 720. 5 
12, 598. 8 
13, 680. 3 
11,756.5 
12, 286. 2 
12, 747. 6 
13, 545. 9 
13,165. 5 
11, 007.1 
9,023. 7 
9,032.1 
10,183. 6 
8, 228. 7 
10,885. 9 
8, 201. 5 
9,099.0 
9, 289. 5 
8, 407. 9 
10, 774. 5 
8, 511.0 
Calories j 
11.463.9 I 
12.333.9 i 
13.219.2 | 
11.435.5 1 
12.137.3 
12,032.2 I 
13.235.6 ’ 
12,896.2 ! 
11.221.4 j 
8,862.4 i 
J. J. j lt/1* • 
8.568.6 ! 
11,063.4 j 
8.380.3 ! 
9,629.1 ' 
8.816.7 i 
8,036.9 ; 
10,474.5 | 
7.892.4 
Calories 
+256. 6 
+264. 9 
+461.1 
+321. 0 
+148.9 
+715. 4 
+310. 3 
+269. 3 
-214. 3 
+161.3 
+173.1 
-1, 008.1 
-339. 9 
-177. 5 
-178. 8 
-530.1 
+472. 8 
+371. 0 
+300. 0 
+618. 6 
Per cent 
+2.2 
+2.2 
+3.5 
+ 2.8 
+ 1 . 2 
+6.0 
+2.3 
+ 2.1 
-1.9 
+1.8 
+2.0 
-9.0 
-4.0 
- 1.6 
- 2.1 
-5.5 
+5.4 
+4.6 
+2.9 
+7.8 
221e. 
221e. 
221e. 
221f. 
221f. 
221 f. 
22lg. 
Totals and aver¬ 
ages, 36 periods. 
885 
886 
874 
874 
887 
886 
887 
I_ 
L.-do.... 
Jl - 
...do_ 
r I_ 
In milk. 
L II- 
r I_ 
L.-do_ 
L_-do_ 
L II- 
I_ 
L-.do_ 
! Dry_ 
III- 
fl_ 
i j 
...do_ 
...do_ 
[II- 
ri_ 
..-do—. 
In milk. 
m - 
!_do_ 
(...do_ 
In_ 
i_--do_ 
ini_ 
L—do_ 
IV_ 
L.-do_ 
+2, 625. 6 
-155. 0 
+1, 795. 0 
+1, 685. 3 
+537. 3 
+2,998. 6 
+3, 500. 6 
+159. 6 
+2,019. 0 
+240. 0 
+26.5 
+2,151. 0 
+7.0 
-5,327. 8 
-827. 5 
+2, 270.1 
9,157. 4 
8.444. 7 
11,852. 0 
11,136. 6 
11,563.9 
11,456. 6 
11, 279. 2 
9.445. 2 
10, 649. 3 
8, 733. 5 
13.187.1 
12.268.1 
12, 701. 3 
8, 887. 9 
10,429. 9 
12,010. 5 
9, 721. 7 
8, 716.4 
12, 047. 9 
11, 049. 3 
11,417.0 
11,512.6 
10,964. 2 
9,076. 8 
10,327. 2 
8,395. 0 
13, 589.4 
12,422. 0 
12,367. 7 
8, 627.1 
9, 870. 3 
11, 670.4 
-564. 3 
-271. 7 
-195. 9 
+87.3 
+146. 9 
-56.0 
+315. 0 
+368.4 
+322.1 
+338. 5 
-402. 3 
-153.9 
+333. 6 
+260. 8 
+559. 6 
+340.1 
-5.8 
-3.1 
- 1.6 
+0.8 
+1.3 
-0.5 
+2.9 
+4.1 
+3.1 
+4.0 
-3.0 
- 1.2 
+2.7 
+3.0 
+5.7 
+2.9 
387,349. 0 
383, 525. 2 
+3,823.8 
+1.0 
The extreme percentage differences 
are +5.1 and —3.6, while the total 
computed heat production for the 35 
trials exceeds the observed by only 
0.6 per cent. 
In the 57 earlier steer experiments 
reported by Armsby (6) the total ob¬ 
served heat production for the 57 
trials differed from that computed by 
only 0.4 per cent, while the extreme 
percentage differences in individual 
cases were +7.6 and —5.1 per cent. 
Grouping the results of the 57 trials 
as above one finds: In 30 cases, or 52.6 
per cent of the total number, the differ¬ 
ence exceeds 1 per cent, of which 17 
are plus (in favor of the computed 
heat production); in 21 cases, or 36.8 
per cent of the total number, the differ¬ 
ence exceeds 2 per cent, of which 13 are 
plus; in 14 cases, or 24.6 per cent of the 
total number, the difference exceeds 3 
per cent, of which 10 are plus; in 6 
cases, or 10.5 per cent of the total 
number, the difference exceeds 4 per 
cent, of which 4 are plus; in 4 cases, or 
7 per cent of the total number, the 
difference exceeds 5 per cent, of which 
3 are plus; in 2 cases, or 3.5 per cent 
of the total number, the difference ex¬ 
ceeds 6 per cent, of which both are 
plus; and in 1 case, or 1.8 per cent of 
the total number, the difference ex¬ 
ceeds 7 per cent, which is plus. 
In general, the results of the steer 
experiments given in Table I compare 
favorably with those reported by 
Armsby in showing a close agreement 
between the observed and the com¬ 
puted heat production, though there 
are considerable differences in a few 
cases. 
In the cow experiments the differ¬ 
ences between the observed and the 
computed heat production are wider 
than with the steers. Of the 36 trials, 
24 show a higher computed heat pro¬ 
duction than the observed, while in 12 
cases the observed heat production is 
higher than that computed, the per¬ 
centage differences ranging from +7.8 
to —9.0. The total computed heat 
